Pushtoday
MuscleChemistry Registered Member
An anabolic pathway requires energy and builds molecules while a catabolic pathway produces energy and breaks down molecules.
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
KEY POINTS
TERMS
Anabolic and catabolic pathways
Anabolic Pathways
Anabolic pathways require an input of energy to synthesize complex molecules from simpler ones. One example of an anabolic pathway is the synthesis of sugar from CO[SUB]2[/SUB]. Other examples include the synthesis of large proteins from amino acid building blocks and the synthesis of new DNA strands from nucleic acid building blocks. These processes are critical to the life of the cell, take place constantly, and demand energy provided by ATP and other high-energy molecules like NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) and NADPH .
Anabolic and catabolic pathways
Anabolic Pathways
Anabolic pathways require an input of energy to synthesize complex molecules from simpler ones. For example, synthesizing proteins from amino acid building blocks is an anabolic pathway. Replicating new DNA is also an anabolic process. These processes are critical to the life of the cell, take place constantly, and demand energy provided by ATP and other high-energy molecules.
Catabolic Pathways
Catabolic pathways involve the degradation of complex molecules into simpler ones, releasing the chemical energy stored in the bonds of those molecules. Some catabolic pathways can capture that energy to produce ATP, the molecule used to power all cellular processes. Other energy-storing molecules, such as lipids, are also broken down through similar catabolic reactions to release energy and make ATP.
Importance of Enzymes
Chemical reactions in metabolic pathways rarely take place spontaneously. Each reaction step is facilitated, or catalyzed, by a protein called an enzyme. Enzymes are important for catalyzing all types of biological reactions: those that require energy as well as those that release energy.
[/COLOR]
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
- Describe the two major types of metabolic pathways
KEY POINTS
- A metabolic pathway is a series of chemical reactions in a cell that build and breakdown molecules for cellular processes.
- Anabolic pathways synthesize molecules and require energy.
- Catabolic pathways break down molecules and produce energy.
- Because almost all metabolic reactions take place non-spontaneously, proteins called enzymes help facilitate those chemical reactions.
TERMS
- enzymea globular protein that catalyses a biological chemical reaction
- anabolismthe constructive metabolism of the body, as distinguished from catabolism
- catabolismdestructive metabolism, usually including the release of energy and breakdown of materials
Anabolic Pathways
Anabolic pathways require an input of energy to synthesize complex molecules from simpler ones. One example of an anabolic pathway is the synthesis of sugar from CO[SUB]2[/SUB]. Other examples include the synthesis of large proteins from amino acid building blocks and the synthesis of new DNA strands from nucleic acid building blocks. These processes are critical to the life of the cell, take place constantly, and demand energy provided by ATP and other high-energy molecules like NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) and NADPH .
Anabolic Pathways
Anabolic pathways require an input of energy to synthesize complex molecules from simpler ones. For example, synthesizing proteins from amino acid building blocks is an anabolic pathway. Replicating new DNA is also an anabolic process. These processes are critical to the life of the cell, take place constantly, and demand energy provided by ATP and other high-energy molecules.
Catabolic Pathways
Catabolic pathways involve the degradation of complex molecules into simpler ones, releasing the chemical energy stored in the bonds of those molecules. Some catabolic pathways can capture that energy to produce ATP, the molecule used to power all cellular processes. Other energy-storing molecules, such as lipids, are also broken down through similar catabolic reactions to release energy and make ATP.
Importance of Enzymes
Chemical reactions in metabolic pathways rarely take place spontaneously. Each reaction step is facilitated, or catalyzed, by a protein called an enzyme. Enzymes are important for catalyzing all types of biological reactions: those that require energy as well as those that release energy.
[/COLOR]
