Dean Destructo
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We examined whether a mixed lactate and caffeine compound (LC) could effectively elicit proliferation and differentiation of satellite cells or activate anabolic signals in skeletal muscles.
We cultured C2C12 cells with either lactate or LC for 6 h.
LC significWe found that lactate significantly increased myogenin and follistatin protein levels and phosphorylation of P70S6K while decreasing the levels of myostatin relative to the control. antly increased protein levels of Pax7, MyoD, and Ki67 in addition to myogenin, relative to control. LC also significantly increased follistatin expression relative to control and stimulated phosphorylation of mTOR and P70S6K.
In an in vivo study, male F344/DuCrlCrlj rats were assigned to control (Sed, n = 10), exercise (Ex, n = 12), and LC supplementation (LCEx, n = 13) groups. LC was orally administered daily. The LCEx and Ex groups were exercised on a treadmill, running for 30 min at low intensity every other day for 4 wk. The LCEx group experienced a significant increase in the mass of the gastrocnemius (GA) and tibialis anterior (TA) relative to both the Sed and Ex groups. Furthermore, the LCEx group showed a significant increase in the total DNA content of TA compared with the Sed group. The LCEx group experienced a significant increase in myogenin and follistatin expression of GA relative to the Ex group. These results suggest that administration of LC can effectively increase muscle mass concomitant with elevated numbers of myonuclei, even with low-intensity exercise training, via activated satellite cells and anabolic signals.
Oishi Y1, Tsukamoto H1, Yokokawa T2, Hirotsu K3, Shimazu M3, Uchida K3, Tomi H3, Higashida K4,Iwanaka N5, Hashimoto T6[FONT=arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif].[/FONT]
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[FONT=arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif]Personal notes: [/FONT]
[FONT=arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif]I wonder what would happen with hyperplasia inducing exercise with accentuated negatives and extreme stretches?
[/FONT]Lactic acid is an organic compound with the formula CH[SUB]3[/SUB]CH(OH)CO[SUB]2[/SUB]H. It is a white, water-soluble solid or clear liquid that is produced both naturally and synthetically. In the form of its conjugate base called lactate, it plays a role in several biochemical processes.
[FONT=arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif]
[/FONT]In animals, <small style="font-size: 11.9px; color: rgb(37, 37, 37); font-family: sans-serif;">L</small>-lactate is constantly produced from pyruvate via the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in a process offermentation during normal metabolism andexercise. It does not increase in concentration until the rate of lactate production exceeds the rate of lactate removal, which is governed by a number of factors, including monocarboxylate transporters, concentration and isoform of LDH, and oxidative capacity of tissues. The concentration of blood lactate is usually 1–2 mmol/L at rest, but can rise to over 20 mmol/L during intense exertion[SUP][4][/SUP] and as high as 25 mmol/L afterward.[SUP][5]
Source for lactate data: Wiki [/SUP]
We cultured C2C12 cells with either lactate or LC for 6 h.
LC significWe found that lactate significantly increased myogenin and follistatin protein levels and phosphorylation of P70S6K while decreasing the levels of myostatin relative to the control. antly increased protein levels of Pax7, MyoD, and Ki67 in addition to myogenin, relative to control. LC also significantly increased follistatin expression relative to control and stimulated phosphorylation of mTOR and P70S6K.
In an in vivo study, male F344/DuCrlCrlj rats were assigned to control (Sed, n = 10), exercise (Ex, n = 12), and LC supplementation (LCEx, n = 13) groups. LC was orally administered daily. The LCEx and Ex groups were exercised on a treadmill, running for 30 min at low intensity every other day for 4 wk. The LCEx group experienced a significant increase in the mass of the gastrocnemius (GA) and tibialis anterior (TA) relative to both the Sed and Ex groups. Furthermore, the LCEx group showed a significant increase in the total DNA content of TA compared with the Sed group. The LCEx group experienced a significant increase in myogenin and follistatin expression of GA relative to the Ex group. These results suggest that administration of LC can effectively increase muscle mass concomitant with elevated numbers of myonuclei, even with low-intensity exercise training, via activated satellite cells and anabolic signals.
Oishi Y1, Tsukamoto H1, Yokokawa T2, Hirotsu K3, Shimazu M3, Uchida K3, Tomi H3, Higashida K4,Iwanaka N5, Hashimoto T6[FONT=arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif].[/FONT]
[FONT=arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------[/FONT]
[FONT=arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif]Personal notes: [/FONT]
[FONT=arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif]I wonder what would happen with hyperplasia inducing exercise with accentuated negatives and extreme stretches?
[/FONT]Lactic acid is an organic compound with the formula CH[SUB]3[/SUB]CH(OH)CO[SUB]2[/SUB]H. It is a white, water-soluble solid or clear liquid that is produced both naturally and synthetically. In the form of its conjugate base called lactate, it plays a role in several biochemical processes.
[FONT=arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif]
[/FONT]In animals, <small style="font-size: 11.9px; color: rgb(37, 37, 37); font-family: sans-serif;">L</small>-lactate is constantly produced from pyruvate via the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in a process offermentation during normal metabolism andexercise. It does not increase in concentration until the rate of lactate production exceeds the rate of lactate removal, which is governed by a number of factors, including monocarboxylate transporters, concentration and isoform of LDH, and oxidative capacity of tissues. The concentration of blood lactate is usually 1–2 mmol/L at rest, but can rise to over 20 mmol/L during intense exertion[SUP][4][/SUP] and as high as 25 mmol/L afterward.[SUP][5]
Source for lactate data: Wiki [/SUP]
