Tag: Diet
Best Vegan Bodybuilding Meal Plan For Bulking and Cutting
Over the past few years, one of the biggest nutritional movements has been a massive shift to vegetarianism and veganism. That trend has affected all sectors of society. Bodybuilders have been especially keen to embrace the vegetarian lifestyle. Going meatless, of course, flies in the face of the traditional bodybuilding diet of chicken, eggs, and tuna. So, how can you still pack on quality muscle when you can’t eat meat?
This article answers that question by laying out a seven-day vegan bodybuilding meal plan for bulking and cutting. It will also address the benefits and drawbacks of vegan bodybuilding, consider the best sources of the key macronutrients and address the most frequently asked questions about vegan bodybuilding.
What is Vegan Bodybuilding?
Vegan bodybuilding involves developing your body to enhance lean muscle mass and minimize body fat while eliminating all animal-based foods from your diet. Veganism is a stricter form of animal-based food exclusion than vegetarianism, which excludes meat, fish, and seafood.
Vegans avoid animal products. This includes everything vegetarians avoid but adds dairy products such as milk and cheese, eggs, honey, gelatin, and food additives derived from animal sources.
Vegans fall into two categories — raw-food vegans and whole-food vegans, who only consume unprocessed or minimally processed plant-based foods.
A vegan bodybuilding meal plan differs from a standard vegan meal plan in its macronutrient content. Bodybuilders require more proteins and fats to build muscle and provide energy. The carbohydrate counts will be about the same.
Read also: 12 Vegan Bodybuilders That Will Motivate You To Go Plant-Based
Vegan Dieting for Muscle Gain & Fat Loss
Whether you are following a vegan or carnivore diet, calorie intake is a key consideration. To build muscle, you must create a caloric surplus, where you take in more calories than you expend. Conversely, to lose body fat, you need a caloric deficit so that your caloric intake is less than your body’s energy needs. This forces your body to use stored energy (body fat) to meet its daily energy needs.
The first step to determining your caloric needs is to determine your maintenance calorie level. You must consume this number of calories daily to meet your energy needs. Check out this calculator to determine your ideal daily calorie intake.
You should consume 10-15% more than your maintenance level to build lean muscle mass. So, if you require 2,500 calories per day to meet your energy needs, you should aim for between 2,750 and 2,875 calories per day to add muscle mass.
To lose body fat, consume 10-15% fewer calories than your maintenance level. At a 2,500-calorie maintenance level, you should consume between 2,125 and 2,250 daily calories.
Vegan foods are generally less calorie dense than animal-sourced foods. That means vegans may have to eat more to reach their daily calorie goal. Rather than eating three huge meals, I recommend having five or six smaller meals spread approximately three hours apart over the course of the day.
Vegan Bodybuilding Protein Sources
Vegan proteins are derived from plants. The category ‘plants’ include everything from vegetables like corn and spinach to legumes like nuts and seeds and wholegrains such as oats and rice. In fact, provided that the protein source is not an animal, it is considered a plant protein.
The Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) for protein is 0.8 grams per pound of body weight. That is fine for sedentary people. However, gym goers require more than that, depending on their goals. If your goal is to build muscle mass, you should increase your protein intake to between 1.2 and 1.5 grams per pound of body weight. [1]
Benefits of Plant-Based Proteins
The biggest adjustment you’ll have to make when you turn vegan is to find new protein sources. Getting complete amino acid profiles from vegan protein sources is more challenging. Here are three reasons why it may be well worth the effort:
Weight Loss
Some research suggests that plant-based proteins are more effective than animal-based proteins at encouraging weight loss. One study published in the 2016 Journal of General Internal Medicine found that following a general vegetarian diet, including vegan protein powders, was more effective in achieving weight loss goals than non-vegetarian weight loss diets. [2]
Protein, in general, is excellent for encouraging weight loss. It is the most satiating macronutrient and takes the most energy to digest. Plant-based proteins are even better for weight loss because they have far less saturated fat and fewer calories. [3]
General Health
Many people, especially young guys, who are determined to bulk up, eat too many animal proteins. This can lead to an increased risk of heart disease and kidney complications. Another problem with too much animal protein is that it is rich in heme iron. Too much of this iron can cause oxidative stress and free radical damage.
When you choose plant-based proteins, you reduce the risk of these complications. In addition, plant proteins supply your body with important phytonutrients. These natural chemicals help prevent disease, strengthen the immune system, and help offset the natural health declines associated with aging.
Environmental Friendliness
Switching to plant-based proteins is a smart move in terms of helping the environment. Reducing animal product consumption helps reduce the carbon footprint, saves precious water, and creates far less waste.
Best Plant Protein Sources
Black Bean: 15 grams of protein per 1 cooked cup
Chickpeas: 15 grams of protein per 1 cooked cup
Edamame: 17 grams of protein per 1 cooked cup
Tempeh: 31 grams of protein per 1 cooked cup
Tofu: 20 grams of protein per 1 cooked cup
Lentis: 18 grams of protein per 1 cooked cup
Plant-Based Protein Powders
Although most plant-based sources of protein do not contain all of the essential amino acids, many plant-based protein powders include a blend of sources that work together to provide you with your full complement of the essential amino acids. Of all the plant-based protein powders, brown rice protein powder is one of the best. It includes peptides that boost weight loss more than white rice or soy protein. It has also been shown to reduce the glycemic index response and improve liver function.
Related: Best Vegan Protein Powders Reviewed
Vegan Bodybuilding Carbohydrate Sources
Carbohydrate sources for vegan bodybuilders will not differ significantly from those of a meat-eating bodybuilder. That’s because the best sources of healthy, muscle-building carbohydrates for bodybuilders are rice, fruits, and vegetables.
Unlike other types of food, carbohydrates become immediately available as energy as soon you put them into your mouth. If we don’t require the energy immediately, it is stored for later use. The body stores carbs as glycogen in the muscles and the liver as a source of energy for movement and daily function. [4]
However, the human body can only hold around 100 grams of glucose in the liver and about 400 grams in the muscles. When energy intake is abundant with very little energy output, the muscle and liver stores rapidly fill up, and the excess is stored as body fat.
Carbs prevent the breakdown of muscle tissue. They do this by promoting an anabolic environment, thanks to their ability to stimulate insulin release. This helps counter the catabolic state you get into when you train heavy with weights. [5]
By eating the right sorts of carbs at the right times, you can prevent muscle tissue loss and keep your metabolism revved up for optimal anabolic response and fat loss. High-intensity activity, such as weight training, is fueled by carbs through a process called glycolysis. In fact, carbs are the body’s preferred energy source for vigorous exercise. It will help you to most efficiently generate adequate energy by promoting ATP production, which is the body’s primary energy system.
When you work out, you quickly use up your body’s limited glycogen stores. Taking in carbs after your workout will restore these levels, providing the energy you need to recover and rebuild your body.
Here are some exceptional carbs sources for vegan bodybuilders:
Rice
Sweet Potatoes
Yams
Cereals
Grains
Broccoli
Asparagus
Cauliflower
Spinach
Lettuce
Brussels sprouts
Related: Carbohydrate Calculator
Vegan Bodybuilding Fat Sources
Fats are an important macronutrient for bodybuilders. Containing more than double the number of calories per gram than proteins or carbs, they represent a nutrient-dense way to up your calorie count when bulking. Fats are involved in the production of many hormones, including testosterone. They’re also a concentrated energy source, providing long-lasting energy for workouts lasting more than an hour.
Fats can be classified into three groups:
Saturated
Unsaturated
Trans Fats
By far, the worst of the three is trans fats. These have been shown to raise LDL (bad) cholesterol levels while, at the same time, reducing HDL (good) cholesterol. You can eat saturated fats in moderation, but the show’s real star is the unsaturated kind. These healthy fats have been shown to act in just the opposite way to trans fats — they increase HDL and lower LDL cholesterol. The more unsaturated fats you get into your day, the healthier you will be. [6]
Switch Up Your Oils
One of the best ways to add healthy fats to your meals is to remove your old cooking oil and replace it with olive oil. The active ingredient in olive oil is oleic acid, which has been shown to produce a whole host of health benefits, including reducing inflammation and fighting free radical damage.
Omega-3 fatty acids are a superstar when it comes to healthy fats. They will benefit your body and your brain, having the ability to bring down triglyceride levels, improve the symptoms of many diseases such as arthritis and Parkinson’s and improve memory and cognitive ability. The best source of omega-3 is fatty fish. You can also get them from avocados, chia seeds, walnuts, and flaxseeds. To ensure a steady daily supply of omega-3s, you can also take them in supplement form. [7]
Here are half a dozen healthy fats to include in your vegan meal plan:
Nuts and seeds, such as almonds, walnuts, chia seeds, flaxseeds, and pumpkin seeds
Avocado
Coconut oil
Nut butter
Plant-based oils
Olive oil
Related: Fat Intake Calculator
7-Day Vegan Bodybuilding Meal Plan for Bulking
Here is the seven-day vegan meal plan for bulking:
Day 1:
Meal
Foods
Protein (g)
Carbs (g)
Fats (g)
Calories
Meal 1 (8:00 AM)
Vegan protein pancakes with maple syrup and a side of fruit
30
60
10
550
Meal 2 (11:00 AM)
Tofu scramble with vegetables, whole wheat bread, and avocado
25
40
20
450
Meal 3 (2:00 PM)
Quinoa and black bean bowl with mixed veggies and guacamole
30
60
15
600
Meal 4 (5:00 PM)
Vegan protein smoothie with almond milk, banana, and peanut butter
25
50
15
500
Meal 5 (8:00 PM)
Lentil curry with brown rice and steamed vegetables
40
70
10
700
Meal 6 (11:00 PM)
Chickpea salad with mixed greens, veggies, and tahini dressing
20
30
15
350
Total
170
310
85
3,150
Day 2-7: Follow a similar pattern as Day 1, adjusting the food choices and portion sizes as desired.
Here are some food options for each meal:
Meal 1 (8:00 AM): Vegan protein pancakes made with plant-based protein powder, oats, almond milk, and topped with maple syrup. Serve with a side of fresh fruit.
Meal 2 (11:00 AM): Tofu scramble cooked with vegetables (such as bell peppers, spinach, and onions), served with whole wheat bread and sliced avocado.
Meal 3 (2:00 PM): Quinoa and black bean bowl with a variety of mixed vegetables (such as roasted sweet potatoes, corn, and bell peppers) and a dollop of guacamole.
Meal 4 (5:00 PM): Vegan protein smoothie made with almond milk, a ripe banana, plant-based protein powder, and a spoonful of peanut butter.
Meal 5 (8:00 PM): Hearty lentil curry prepared with coconut milk and spices and served with brown rice and steamed vegetables (such as broccoli, cauliflower, and carrots).
Meal 6 (11:00 PM): Chickpea salad with mixed greens, colorful vegetables (such as cherry tomatoes, cucumbers, and bell peppers), and a creamy tahini dressing
Related: Bulking Calculator
7-Day Vegan Bodybuilding Meal Plan for Cutting
Use the following meal plan to get peeled:
Day 1:
Meal
Foods
Protein (g)
Carbs (g)
Fats (g)
Calories
Meal 1 (8:00 AM)
Overnight oats with almond milk, chia seeds, and berries
20
50
10
400
Meal 2 (11:00 AM)
Whole wheat toast with avocado and tomato slices
10
30
15
300
Meal 3 (2:00 PM)
Quinoa salad with mixed vegetables and chickpeas
25
40
10
450
Meal 4 (5:00 PM)
Rice cakes with almond butter and sliced banana
10
40
15
350
Meal 5 (8:00 PM)
Tofu stir-fry with broccoli, bell peppers, and brown rice
30
50
15
500
Meal 6 (11:00 PM)
Mixed nuts and seeds
15
10
20
250
Total
110
220
85
2,250
Day 2-7: Follow a similar pattern as Day 1, adjusting the food choices and portion sizes as desired.
Here are some food options for each meal:
Meal 1 (8:00 AM): Overnight oats with almond milk, chia seeds, berries, and a sprinkle of nuts.
Meal 2 (11:00 AM): Whole wheat toast topped with mashed avocado, tomato slices, and a drizzle of lemon juice.
Meal 3 (2:00 PM): Quinoa salad with mixed vegetables (such as cucumber, bell peppers, and cherry tomatoes), chickpeas, and a light dressing.
Meal 4 (5:00 PM): Rice cakes spread with almond butter and topped with sliced banana.
Meal 5 (8:00 PM): Tofu stir-fry with broccoli, bell peppers, snap peas, and brown rice, seasoned with low-sodium soy sauce or other preferred spices.
Meal 6 (11:00 PM): A handful of mixed nuts and seeds (such as almonds, walnuts, pumpkin seeds, and sunflower seeds).
Related: Weight Loss Calculator
Vegan Bodybuilding Pros
Many people turn to a vegan lifestyle for ethical reasons. There are, though, some very practical benefits that come with adopting a vegan bodybuilding lifestyle. Here are four benefits of becoming a vegan bodybuilder:
Nutrient Density
A diet built around plant-based foods will overflow with essential nutrients like vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and phytochemicals. Eating such a wealth of health-giving compounds daily will fortify your immune system, boost your natural energy reserves and keep you running on all cylinders.
Low Saturated Fats
Foods sourced from animals are much higher in saturated fats than plant-based foods. By eliminating meats and dairy products from your diet, you will reduce your LDL cholesterol level while promoting low body fat levels. Cutting out unhealthy fats will also benefit your cardiovascular system.
High Fiber Content
Plant-based foods tend to have high levels of fiber. This helps fill you up, making you less likely to snack between meals. Fiber also helps regulate blood sugar levels, cleaning the digestive system.
Reduced Disease Risk
Several studies have shown that a vegan diet can reduce a person’s risk of contracting chronic diseases such as heart disease and type 2 diabetes. Certain types of cancer risk may even be reduced when you follow a vegan diet. [8]
Vegan Bodybuilding Cons
Along with the benefits of going vegan for bodybuilders, several potential drawbacks exist. Here are four challenges that vegan bodybuilders face.
Vegan Diets are Low in Vitamin B12 & Iron
Vitamin B12 is essential for health and vitality. It affects our energy level, mood, thinking, and even memory. When we are Vitamin B12 deficient, we will suffer from fatigue. Yet plant sources are largely deficient in B12. Those said to contain them, such as seaweed, fermented soy, and spirulina, actually include analogs of B12 known as carbamides. These actually block the absorption of B12.
It’s hardly surprising that studies consistently show a Vitamin B12 deficiency among vegans. To maintain healthy B12 levels, you must eat animal food sources or supplements.
Getting iron from plant sources is another problem. Iron derived from plants is not as well absorbed as that from animal meats. This is another contributor to low energy levels among vegans.
Vegan Diets Provide Lesser Quality Proteins
The amino acids in proteins are the body’s building blocks. The nine amino acids the human body cannot manufacture are essential and must be derived from the diet. Unlike animal protein sources, few plant sources provide all nine of them. Even with those few that do, the amino acids are not absorbed by the body like animal proteins. To absorb the essential amino acids, your body needs all of them in the same amounts and at the same time. In plants, many essential amino acids are not loaded to the quantities required for efficient absorption by the body.
A vegan’s body will compensate for the lower quality of amino acids entering the system by wasting less protein and recycling proteins. This makes the body work a lot harder. People actively trying to gain muscle mass or improve strength levels will be negatively affected by the lesser quality of proteins that are part and parcel of a vegan diet.
Vegan Diets Are Low in Vitamin K2
Calcium is required for strong bones. But few people appreciate the importance of Vitamin K2. It transports the calcium to the bones. That means that, without sufficient quantities of this vitamin, all the calcium you consume will never reach your bones. With nowhere to go, it will pile up in your arteries.
You cannot get Vitamin K2 from plants, with the exception of a fermented soybean product called natto. Unfortunately, most people cannot stand the taste of it. To get a healthy dose of K2, you must eat animal fat sources like egg yolks, milk, and cheese.
Vegan Diets Rely on Soy
Although vegan diet options have diversified in recent times, soy is still regarded as a key player. Soy has been recognized as being problematic due to its phytoestrogen content. By mimicking estrogen, phytoestrogen causes a cascade of hormonal imbalances. Among other things, this will escalate your estrogen levels dramatically. In one study, infants fed soy formula were seen to have estrogen levels between 13,000 and 22,000 times higher than those fed cow’s milk formula.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can vegans get complete protein sources?
Yes, vegans can get complete protein sources that contain all nine essential amino acids. This can be accomplished by adding the following complete plant-based protein sources to your diet:
Quinoa
Soy products
Buckwheat
Chia Seeds
Vegans can also consume two or more complementary protein sources at one meal to ensure they get all the required amino acids. For example, they can combine legumes with whole grains.
Can I retain my existing muscle if I switch to a vegan diet?
Yes, it is possible to retain your existing muscle when you switch to a vegan diet. Many bodybuilders have found they can keep their current muscle mass and add new lean muscle tissue after turning vegan. To do so, however, you need to pay careful attention to your protein intake, ensuring that you get a plentiful supply of complete proteins through protein complementing or focusing on complete proteins such as soy, quinoa, and chia seeds.
You must also ensure that you eat a caloric surplus to provide your body with the building material for new muscle. This can be challenging because plant-based foods tend to have fewer calories and fill you up faster due to their high fiber content.
How much protein do I need on a vegan bodybuilding diet?
To build muscle on a vegan bodybuilding diet, you should consume at least a gram of protein per pound of body weight. A 180-pound person should aim for around 180 grams of protein per day. If this is spread out over six meals, that averages 30 grams of protein per meal.
Is it easier to get lean on a vegan bodybuilding diet?
Many bodybuilders who have switched to a vegan diet find it easier to get lean than when eating animal-sourced products. Plant-based foods have a higher fiber content, providing a satiating effect that fills you up and helps reduce snacking and cravings between meals when you’re dieting. Vegan-friendly foods are also much lower in saturated fats than animal foods. This helps with fat control and improves your cardiovascular health. Finally, vegan-friendly foods generally have a much lower calorie density, allowing you to eat to satisfaction while still maintaining a low caloric intake.
How does a vegan bodybuilding diet differ from a standard vegan diet?
The main differences between a vegan bodybuilding diet and a standard vegan diet are that the bodybuilding diet is higher in proteins and fats, and the caloric intake is targeted to create either a caloric surplus or deficit based on a person’s training goals. Vegan bodybuilders are also likely to follow a precise nutrient timing protocol. They increase protein and carbohydrate intake around their workouts for optimal protein synthesis and muscle glycogen replenishment.
Wrap-Up
By following a high-quality vegan bodybuilding plan, you can maximize your muscle-building potential while ensuring your body receives only the best plant-based foods. This will make it easier to stay lean while optimizing your energy output and enhancing your overall well-being.
Follow either one of the seven-day vegan bodybuilding meal plans, depending on whether you are in a bulking or cutting phase. Then, use it as a template and general guide, substituting your favorite plant-based foods to add variety and taste. After 12 weeks, transition into the opposite phase (cutting or bulking), adjusting your training accordingly and switching to the other seven-day vegan bodybuilding meal plan provided above. Follow this plan for another 12 weeks, again substituting your favorite vegan meals. Combine your vegan bodybuilding meal plans with consistent, hard training and plenty of rest and recovery, and you’ll be well on your way to realizing your goal physique.
References
Schoenfeld BJ, Aragon AA. How much protein can the body use in a single meal for muscle-building? Implications for daily protein distribution. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2018 Feb 27;15:10. doi: 10.1186/s12970-018-0215-1. PMID: 29497353; PMCID: PMC5828430.
Huang RY, Huang CC, Hu FB, Chavarro JE. Vegetarian Diets and Weight Reduction: a Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Gen Intern Med. 2016 Jan;31(1):109-16. doi: 10.1007/s11606-015-3390-7. PMID: 26138004; PMCID: PMC4699995.
Westerterp-Plantenga MS, Nieuwenhuizen A, Tomé D, Soenen S, Westerterp KR. Dietary protein, weight loss, and weight maintenance. Annu Rev Nutr. 2009;29:21-41. doi: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-080508-141056. PMID: 19400750.
Schneeman BO. Carbohydrates: significance for energy balance and gastrointestinal function. J Nutr. 1994 Sep;124(9 Suppl):1747S-1753S. doi: 10.1093/jn/124.suppl_9.1747S. PMID: 8089744.
Alghannam AF, Gonzalez JT, Betts JA. Restoration of Muscle Glycogen and Functional Capacity: Role of Post-Exercise Carbohydrate and Protein Co-Ingestion. Nutrients. 2018 Feb 23;10(2):253. doi: 10.3390/nu10020253. PMID: 29473893; PMCID: PMC5852829.
Harrison S, Lemieux S, Lamarche B. Assessing the impact of replacing foods high in saturated fats with foods high in unsaturated fats on dietary fat intake among Canadians. Am J Clin Nutr. 2022 Mar 4;115(3):877-885. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab420. PMID: 34958344; PMCID: PMC8895210.
Simopoulos AP. The importance of the ratio of omega-6/omega-3 essential fatty acids. Biomed Pharmacother. 2002 Oct;56(8):365-79. doi: 10.1016/s0753-3322(02)00253-6. PMID: 12442909.
Hever J, Cronise RJ. Plant-based nutrition for healthcare professionals: implementing diet as a primary modality in the prevention and treatment of chronic disease. J Geriatr Cardiol. 2017 May;14(5):355-368. doi: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2017.05.012. PMID: 28630615; PMCID: PMC5466942.
Ric Flair Reveals Diet, Training & Supplements to Stay Jacked at 74-Yo
Ric Flair has been a mainstay of professional wrestling for decades and has a legacy spanning generations. Although he no longer competes regularly, his impact is palpable to this day. In a recent Men’s Health video, Flair revealed the diet, training, and supplements he takes to stay jacked in his 70s.
Ric Flair is widely considered to be one of the greatest professional wrestlers of all time. Having started his pro career in 1972, Flair enjoyed a highly decorated tenure of over 50 years. He made his debut under the AWA (American Wrestling Association), where he got to compete with fellow legends like Dusty Rhodes, Andre the Giant, and Chris Taylor. He won his first championship in a tag team match after joining Jim Crockett Promotions in the National Wrestling Alliance in 1974.
In 1981, Flair’s celebrity status skyrocketed largely due to his brash persona and heel character. He attacked many of the promotion’s fan favorites with his infamous team called The Four Horsemen. He spent about a decade performing at shows in All Japan Pro Wrestling during his stint in the organization as well.
Flair made his way to the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) in 1991. He secured the WWF Championship by coming out on top of the 1992 Royal Rumble. After two years under the banner, Flair made a comeback to the WCW. He later claimed the World Heavyweight and International World Heavyweight Championships.
Following his return to the WWF/WWE in 2001, Flair delivered some action-packed performances against the likes of The Undertaker, Hollywood Hulk Hogan, Eddie Guerrero, Triple H, and Stone Cold Steve Austin. He experienced a late-career resurgence in 2012 and has since performed sporadically in the wrestling ring with his final outing happening in July 2022.
In June 2017, Ric Flair made headlines for a horrific hand injury as a result of a brawl with a Dub-Nation member following the Cleveland Cavs’ loss in Game 2 of the NBA Finals.
Flair picked up a string of injuries from his days of performing in the ring. He needed to undergo surgery after getting admitted to the intensive care unit in Aug. 2017. Given his contributions to the sport, messages of support poured in from members of the community.
‘The Nature Boy’ got rushed to the hospital after a major health scare in May 2019. His son-in-law later revealed the situation wasn’t as concerning as it had first been reported. Flair issued an optimistic statement to his fans a week later.
Ric Flair reveals his diet & supplements to stay jacked at 74-yo
In a recent YouTube video, Ric Flair revealed the diet and supplements he utilizes to stay jacked at the age of 74.
He started off by showing the items in his fridge and then laid out his daily food intake.
“Lean beef, chicken, a lot of fresh fruit, salads, prepared salads, all very healthy. I do drink a lot of water.
“Mushroom food is the hottest thing in the world.”
Breakfast: Egg whites, turkey bacon, two cups of coffee
Lunch: Chicken, sometimes Ramen , double order of chicken lentil bean soup with some chicken in it or a pre-wrapped chicken.
Dinner: About as healthy as he can possible be whether it be shrimp, beef, chicken, all pretty generic.
Favorite meat: Salmon
He laid out how his eating habits have changed over the years and how he stays on track while traveling.
“When I was wrestling everyday I could eat anything I wanted because I was wrestling up to an hour every night,” said Flair. “I used to live by the rule for every pound of body weight you want to have a gram of protein. That’s hard to do. You’d have to eat 20 chicken breasts, two dozen raw eggs a day in the blender. I ate a lot more carbs than I do now. I don’t eat much bread unless it’s wheat bread. I love pasta but I eat very little pasta and the result of my surgeries I gotta go watch what I eat spicy food will kill me.”
“It’s hard [traveling] especially with airline food but most hotels are there will have chicken stuff like that. A lot of sauce on my food to this point it can be generically healthy but I have to have a sauce on it. My go to sauce is barbecue. My go to comfort food is marinara sauce, tons of meatballs, and angel hair pasta.”
“[I hate] pastry. I don’t eat desserts, never have.”
Ric Flair shared the supplements he takes along with testosterone, presumably TRT (testosterone replacement therapy).
“Vitamin B12, I take tri aminos, and 1 cc of test a week. 400 is normal for a guy my age I keep it at a thousand.”
Flair shares his training regimen
Ric Flair gave fans a look into his training protocol and health goals.
“I train three to four days a week and if I’m training hard I do 500 free squats, try to do 200 push-ups, sets of 100 crunches, and the airdyne bike which I think is one of the most difficult pieces of cardio equipment, 5,000 meters in 10 minutes.
“Just stay in the best shape I can possibly be and to stay motivated. My goal right now is I want to do 10,000 meters on [the airdyne bike] and I want to bench press 225 by Feb. 25th, 24. I want to make sure that as each year goes by that I can do what I did when I was 23.”
“My last match live I got in kind of shape, in better shape than I’ve ever been in my life 500 free squats, running, pushing the sled, pulling, working on strengthening my neck, insane cardio stuff.”
“For me it was a religion. If I didn’t workout I didn’t feel good. I did 500 free squats everyday, 250 push-ups every day. I would do sets between everything I did when I was doing benches, inclines, pulldowns.
“I don’t lift heavy weights anymore because I grow out of my clothes and I’m taking supplements that people might take normally. If I lift weights heavy I grow. I try to keep my weight at 220 or under.
“I hate running. I’d rather beat my brains out for 20 minutes than play around for 30.”
“As you get older, you have to get your second win no matter how much you warm up until you get your second wind you got to see your way through it.”
Ric Flair left the fans stunned with a workout update showing off his impressive physique in June 2022. He crushed an intense training session in preparation for his planned final outing in the ring.
Flair opened up on his experience of surviving a deadly plane crash two months ago. The accident resulted in his back being broken in three places and the death of a passenger onboard. Despite being told he’d never wrestle again, he persevered and continued to follow his passion.
His latest offering provides insight into how a wrestling legend keeps fit in his later years and will certainly inspire fans to lead a healthy lifestyle.
RELATED: WWE’s Cody Rhodes Tore Pectoral Muscle Before Epic Performance at ‘Hell in a Cell’ Main Event
You can watch the full video below.
Published: 17 June, 2023 | 4:33 PM EDT
Can You Consume Alcohol While Intermittent Fasting? Everything You Need to Know
Intermittent fasting is one of the few modern fitness trends that has consistently provided positive results for many people. This is because intermittent fasting is based on scientific principles and offers people flexibility when it comes to fasting in general.
One of the biggest advantages of intermittent fasting diets is that they do not focus on what people consume but on when they consume it. Additionally, intermittent fasting diets are very lenient in terms of allowed food items compared to other weight loss diets. You can drink coffee, tea, lemon juice, low-calorie electrolyte drinks, etc., during the fasting period.
But is it ok to drink alcohol while fasting? This is a popular question amongst dieters. Let’s dive into this topic and understand how alcohol affects your body, whether it can break your fast, and the best alcohol for intermittent fasting.
How Does Intermittent Fasting Work
Intermittent fasting works by tapping our stored energy. Your body relies on glucose for energy. But when it exhausts glucose, it starts utilizing fat. This metabolic shift occurs when you fast for a prolonged period.
Intermittent fasting involves restricting calorie intake to a specific period in the day, called the ‘feeding window.’ The fasting time is known as the ‘fasting window.’
The fasting window leads to the depletion of stored glucose in the liver. Hence, to maintain homeostasis and provide energy to the cells, stored fat is converted into energy by a process called ketosis. Intermittent fasting generally depends on regular ketosis for fat loss, which also results in several other fasting-related health benefits. [1]
It is vital to undergo a prolonged fasting period to trigger ketosis. This is why most intermittent fasting diets require people to fast for at least 12 to 16 hours regularly. Water or zero-calorie drinks like black coffee, tea, lemon juice, etc., do not trigger blood glucose levels, which is why such beverages are allowed while intermittent fasting. But what about alcohol?
Alcohol While Intermittent Fasting
For starters, we must remember that alcohol and alcoholic drinks are generally high in calories. According to the NHS, 1 gram of alcohol contains approximately 7 calories, which is higher than other food items. This is why alcohol should not only be avoided by people who are fasting but also by people looking to lose weight in general. [2]
Still not convinced? Here are some other problems related to alcohol consumption during intermittent fasting:
Alcohol Adds Empty Calories
Since alcohol is high in empty calories, consuming alcohol and trying to lose weight can not be done together. In most cases, alcohol is a mix of sugary drinks with no nutritional value. Consuming alcohol is akin to consuming empty calories without any nutritional value.
Alcohol Makes You More Hungry
Research studies have revealed that alcoholic drinks can increase appetite, leading to overeating. Fasting can be challenging with regular alcohol consumption. [3]
Alcohol Causes Dehydration
Alcohol can lead to dehydration and further complications if consumed on an empty stomach. Hence, while consuming such beverages, you must stay hydrated.
This does not mean that people who like an occasional drink cannot practice intermittent fasting. As mentioned earlier, one of the biggest advantages of intermittent fasting is that it allows flexibility. Hence, you can enjoy an occasional glass of wine or any other alcoholic drink while practicing intermittent fasting.
However, moderation is key, and it is also important to note that one should never break a fast with alcohol. The best time to consume alcohol while intermittent fasting is in the eating window.
Read also: Does Alcohol Break a Fast?
Let’s look into the effects of alcohol on the benefits of intermittent fasting.
Fat Oxidation
Fat oxidation is one of the primary benefits of intermittent fasting, as prolonged fasting periods help the body break down stored fat to produce energy. [4]
Several studies suggest that alcohol inhibits fat oxidation. Furthermore, people tend to eat more due to alcohol consumption, which can lead to weight gain. [5]
Inflammation
Inflammation is our body’s way of reacting to various diseases or infections. Though it is a part of our natural immune system, high levels of inflammatory markers can lead to autoimmune diseases. Inflammation also increases free radicals in your bloodstream resulting in several health complications. [6]
Studies indicate intermittent fasting can reduce inflammation levels and help flush out harmful free radicals from the bloodstream. [7]
Excess alcohol consumption not only increases inflammation in your body but also causes releases toxins into the bloodstream. This can be mitigated with moderate alcohol consumption. [8]
Brain Health
Ketones released during intermittent fasting are an efficient fuel for your brain. They help improve your brain health and overall performance. Further studies have revealed that intermittent fasting is closely related to the synthesis of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) hormone. Low BDNF levels can lead to depression and anxiety. And excessive alcohol consumption is linked to brain damage. [9][10]
Cellular Health
Fasting for prolonged periods can promote cellular autophagy, a process through which your body replaces old and diseased cells with newer, healthier cells. It leads to the formation of newer, healthier cells. On the other hand, excessive alcohol consumption can cause DNA damage. [11]
Liver Health
Intermittent fasting boosts liver function, which helps remove toxins from our bloodstream. However, excessive alcohol consumption can introduce more toxins into the bloodstream, which can overwhelm the liver. [12]
A Case For Alcohol During Intermittent Fasting
Now that we have looked at the adverse effects of alcohol consumption during intermittent fasting, it is important to note that some alcohol products are not entirely bad, and alcohol consumption is believed to have some health benefits.
Wine
Fruits and berries are a rich source of polyphenols that show antioxidant properties. Studies have revealed that polyphenols help prevent diseases by reducing oxidative stress. Wine is prepared from grapes along with its skin and seeds and is believed to have a high amount of polyphenols. If you consume wine after food, it helps in digestion and avoids any spike in glucose levels. [13]
Whiskey
Whiskey is also filled with polyphenols. It is prepared by fermenting mashed grains. When consumed in moderation, whiskey is believed to reduce cholesterol levels and the risk of heart disease. [14]
Beer
Beer is made by brewing and fermenting hop flowers. It contains a high amount of water and polyphenols, which add antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. When consumed in low to moderate amounts, beer helps reduce cholesterol content in your body and improve cardiac health. [15]
Frequently Asked Questions
Does alcohol affect intermittent fasting?
Yes, alcohol contains calories, and it breaks your fast if consumed during the fasting window. When consumed in excess, it can lead to weight gain, inflammation, and cell damage. However, you could drink alcohol during your eating window.
How many hours does it take for your body to clear alcohol from your system?
This may vary based on how much you consume and your metabolism. When you consume alcohol, your body focuses on metabolizing it. Generally, it takes 12 to 36 hours for your body to clear alcohol from your system and start burning fat. How long does alcohol stop fat burning?
Can you drink alcohol on a 16-hour fast?
In a 16-hour fast, you can drink alcohol in moderation during the eight-hour eating window. You may experience adverse health effects and weight gain if you consume excessive alcohol, hampering your intermittent fasting benefits.
Final Words
Combining intermittent fasting and alcohol can be challenging. Alcohol breaks your fast and adds empty calories to your diet. However, low to moderate alcohol consumption can be considered with regular monitoring of your eating habits to avoid weight gain.
According to the CDC, alcohol consumption should be limited to two drinks or less per day for men and one drink or less per day for women. You can limit your alcohol intake to practice intermittent fasting and reap its benefits.
Also, alcohol consumption causes dehydration, and during intermittent fasting, you need to focus on your water and electrolyte intake. Do not break your fast with alcohol or plan to drink while on an empty stomach. When it comes to alcohol, it is essential to choose wisely and carefully plan your fasting routine.
References
Lichtash, C., Fung, J., Ostoich, K. C., & Ramos, M. (2020, July 7). Case report: Therapeutic use of intermittent fasting and ketogenic diet as an alternative treatment for type 2 diabetes in a normal weight woman: a 14-month case study. PubMed Central (PMC).
Calories in alcohol. (n.d.). Nhs.uk. https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/alcohol-advice/calories-in-alcohol/
Short term effects of alcohol on appetite in humans. Effects of context and restrained eating – PubMed. (2010, December 1). PubMed.
Alternate-day fasting in nonobese subjects: effects on body weight, body composition, and energy metabolism – PubMed. (2005, January 1). PubMed.
Is alcohol consumption a risk factor for weight gain and obesity? – PubMed. (2005, January 1). PubMed.
H., Pizzino, G., Irrera, N., Cucinotta, M., Pallio, G., Mannino, F., Arcoraci, V., Squadrito, F., Altavilla, D., & Bitto, A. (2017, July 27). Oxidative Stress: Harms and Benefits for Human Health. Oxidative Stress: Harms and Benefits for Human Health.
Intermittent fasting during Ramadan attenuates proinflammatory cytokines and immune cells in healthy subjects – PubMed. (2012, December 1). PubMed.
Effect of alcohol consumption on systemic markers of inflammation – PubMed. (2001, March 10). PubMed.
Björkholm, C., & Monteggia, L. M. (2015, November 11). BDNF — a key transducer of antidepressant effects. PubMed Central (PMC).
The neuropathology of alcohol-related brain damage – PubMed. (2009, April 1). PubMed.
DNA damage, DNA repair, and alcohol toxicity–a review – PubMed. (1997, September 1). PubMed.
Wang, H. J., Zakhari, S., & Jung, M. K. (2010, March 21). Alcohol, inflammation, and gut-liver-brain interactions in tissue damage and disease development. PubMed Central (PMC).
Phenolic composition and antioxidant activity in sparkling wines: Modulation by the aging on lees. (2013, August 29). Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Activity in Sparkling Wines: Modulation by the Ageing on Lees – ScienceDirect.
Duthie, G., Pedersen, M., Gardner, P., Morrice, P., Jenkinson, A., McPhail, D., & Steele, G. (1998, September 30). The effect of whisky and wine consumption on total phenol content and antioxidant capacity of plasma from healthy volunteers – European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Nature.
Marcos, Ascensión, et al. “Moderate Consumption of Beer and Its Effects on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health: An Updated Review of Recent Scientific Evidence.” PubMed Central (PMC), 9 Mar. 2021
How to Lose 10 Pounds in a Week – Four Proven Strategies
It’s generally best to lose weight slowly and steadily. Most experts agree that losing 1-2 pounds per week is optimal. That rate of weight loss is sustainable and not too hard to achieve. You won’t need to starve yourself or exercise to exhaustion.
But, while a slow rate of weight loss is generally best, there may be times when you want to lose weight faster. For example, you may have entered a powerlifting or martial arts contest and need to be a certain weight to compete. Or, perhaps, you have a big school reunion coming up, and you’re desperate to fit into your old high school cheerleading outfit.
It’s usually best to plan for these things well in advance so you don’t have to rush to lose weight. However, life has an annoying way of derailing the best-laid plans, and an event you thought was months away can arrive far sooner than you expected.
In this article, we reveal the four best strategies for losing ten pounds in a week.
The Realities of Losing Ten Pounds in A Week
Before you begin your attempt to lose ten pounds in seven days, make sure you understand the realities of what you are trying to achieve:
A lot of the weight lost won’t be fat
Your body weight is made up of several different components, including muscle tissue, internal organs, bones, skin, fluids, minerals, and fat. When most people talk about weight loss, what they actually want is fat loss.
However, the chances of losing ten pounds of fat in a single week are very low. You’d have to eat next to nothing and exercise for several hours a day to burn the 35,000 calories that ten pounds of fat contain.
So, a large proportion of the ten pounds you lose will be water weight. Water is heavy, and one liter weighs a little over two pounds. Shedding water weight is relatively easy, especially compared to fat loss.
You can and will lose fat in a week, but a significant percentage of your ten-pound weight loss will be water.
You’ll almost certainly regain some of the weight you lost
Losing ten pounds in a week will result in temporary weight loss. Once you return to eating and drinking normally, you’ll regain at least half of what you have lost. It’s very unlikely that you’ll be able to sustain your new weight for more than a day or two.
As such, you should time your efforts so you hit your lowest weight on the day you need to be ten pounds lighter, e.g., the day of your weigh-in if you are cutting weight for a sporting event.
Such rapid weight loss is unsustainable
Just because you can lose ten pounds one week doesn’t mean you’ll be able to lose another ten pounds the next. Such dramatic weight loss is unsustainable. Trying to lose another ten pounds in such quick succession could be dangerous. A slower, more consistent approach to weight loss approach is usually best.
Losing ten pounds in a week could be unhealthy or even dangerous
You’re going to have to exercise and diet hard to lose ten pounds in a week. You’ll also have to manipulate your water levels to reach your ten-pound weight loss goal. Invariably, this will cause dehydration and may even lead to electrolyte imbalances which can affect muscle contractions and even your heart.
Athletes use these strategies all the time to compete within their chosen weight categories, but they also accept there are risks to losing so much weight this quickly.
This is not going to be fun!
Losing ten pounds in a week is going to take effort and determination. You’re going to feel tired, hungry, and possibly unwell. You may not sleep well, and you’ll probably feel moody or anxious.
So, before you begin, ask yourself if the result will be worth it. In all but a few cases, slow and steady weight loss is best.
Four Strategies for Losing Ten Pounds in a Week
While there are no guarantees of success, these are the strategies you need to use to lose ten pounds in a week. The more of them you implement, the more likely you are to reach your weight loss target.
Create a significant daily calorie deficit
While much of the weight you lose over the next seven days will be water, some of it will be fat. That is, providing you eat fewer calories and force your body to burn fat for energy. For every pound of fat you want to lose, you’ll need to burn 3,500 calories more than you consume.
For most people, a 1000-calorie-per-day deficit is realistic and sustainable. This will invariably mean slashing your food intake, but that’s the price you have to pay to lose weight fast.
To determine how many calories you need to consume a day, you need to:
Estimate your total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) using this calculator.
Subtract 1000 calories from that number.
Track your meals and consume that number of calories over the coming week.
Increase your caloric expenditure
Eating less is only part of the weight loss and fat-burning equation. You’ll lose weight faster if you increase your caloric expenditure and create an even more significant calorie deficit.
It doesn’t matter what you do to burn calories, but you should aim to expend an additional 1000 calories per day through exercise and non-exercise physical activity. While this might sound daunting, it probably adds up to an hour of exercise plus a couple of hours of walking, gardening, household chores, and general purposeful movement.
Combined with your 1000-calorie dietary deficit, burning an extra 1000 calories a day should result in losing about four pounds of fat in seven days.
Learn how to burn an extra 1000 calories per day here.
Cut your carb intake to less than 50 grams a day
Low-carb diets aren’t necessarily better for fat loss than a more balanced diet. However, they are good for weight loss. Most dieters lose several pounds during the first week of a low-carb diet.
When you cut carbs from your diet, your body has to use stored muscle glycogen for energy. Glycogen is glucose bound to water molecules. As your body converts the glycogen into glucose, it releases the water, which you then excrete. Eliminating this water from your muscles will lead to rapid weight loss.
How much you’ll lose depends on the size of your glycogen stores. However, low-carb dieters often lose 3-5 pounds within the first week.
However, getting your carb intake to below 50 grams per day won’t be easy, and it means you will have to eliminate many nutritional staples from your diet.
Foods to avoid at this time include:
Bread
Rice
Pasta
Potatoes
Cereals
Sugar
Junk food, including candy, soda, chips, etc.
Most fruit
Instead, your meals will need to be built around proteins and fats. The good news is that foods high in protein and fat are very filling. Good options include red meat, fish, eggs, and full-fat dairy. You can also eat plenty of leafy green vegetables and other low-carb plant foods.
Do a water cut
The above strategies should get you close to losing ten pounds in a week. That said, if you want to be certain to hit or even exceed that goal, you may want to try a water cut. This is the process of ridding your body of excess water.
However, this is also the riskiest weight loss strategy, so only do it if you are determined to lose ten pounds in one week.
This is how you do a water cut:
Day 1 & 2 – consume one gallon of water per day (normal water intake)
Day 3 & 4 – consume two gallons of water per day
Day 5 – consume one gallon of water
Day 6 – consume half a gallon of water
Day 7 – time to weigh yourself; you should now be at your target weight
So, how does this method work? Good question!
When you initially increase your water intake, your body starts flushing out the excess, and you’ll find yourself peeing more than usual. But as you lower your water intake from day five onward, your body continues to expel water at an accelerated rate, despite drinking less.
This creates a negative water balance, where you are excreting more than you consume, leading to significant weight loss.
Of course, you’ll regain all that water weight when you start drinking normally again. But, your weight should be at its lowest on the morning of day seven.
You can also sweat off a few extra pounds by working out or hitting the sauna. However, this should be unnecessary if you have done your water cut correctly.
Losing ten pounds in a week is usually easier than keeping that weight off. Dehydration, a high exercise volume, and a very strict, low-calorie, low-carb diet are unsustainable. Your weight will quickly return to normal as soon as you stop doing these things.
You may be able to avoid fat regain if you continue to eat and exercise sensibly, but you’ll soon rehydrate when you start drinking normally. For these reasons, slow and steady weight loss, where you drop 1-2 pounds per week, is usually the recommended approach.
A Better Way to Lose Weight and Keep It Off
If the idea of working so hard to lose ten pounds in a week, only to regain it soon after, is unappealing, you should consider a more conservative approach to fat loss and weight management.
The best strategies for easy, sustainable weight loss include:
Create a modest calorie deficit
There is no need to starve yourself to lose weight when you have more than a week to reach your weight loss target. A deficit of 500 calories per day should be sufficient for most people.
Ways to do this include:
Reducing meal size
Cutting out sweets and snacks
Using low-calorie ingredients
Adopting a low-fat diet
Skipping meals (intermittent fasting)
Choose a sustainable diet
Extreme diets are almost impossible to stick to for more than a few days. Hunger and cravings will invariably wear down your willpower, and it’s only a matter of time before you cheat or quit your diet entirely.
So, pick a diet you know you can stick to and that you’ll enjoy. After all, food should be one of life’s pleasures and not only a source of energy and nutrients.
Track your food intake and progress
If you don’t measure something, you can’t manage it. So, start using an app to analyze your food intake to make sure you are hitting the required caloric deficit. Also, track your weight to make sure you are achieving the results you want.
If your weight isn’t changing, you may need to increase your deficit slightly or do a little more exercise.
Exercise moderately and regularly
Super long and ultra-intense workouts make great social media posts but are usually impractical for the average exerciser. Very few of us have the time or energy to work out for several hours a day.
So, instead of training like a pro athlete, commit to working out 3-4 times a week for 40-60 minutes each time. This should be doable for most people and sufficient to enhance your weight loss efforts.
Combine strength training with cardio
While all exercise is good for weight loss, you’ll probably get better results by combining cardio and strength training. Cardio burns calories, while lifting weights will help preserve your muscle mass and maintain your metabolic rate.
Many people fall into the trap of doing nothing but cardio to lose weight, but this is a mistake. While cardio does burn fat and calories, it can also cause muscle loss. Losing muscle makes it harder to lose weight and keep it off, and you could end up “skinny fat,” where you look slim, but your body is soft and weak.
Combining strength and cardio training is like one plus one equals three!
Increase your NEPA
Woman Looking After Plants
NEPA is short for non-exercise physical activity and is one of the most powerful things you can do to lose weight and keep it off. Examples of NEPA include:
Anything that gets you up off your butt and moving counts as NEPA and burns calories for faster, easier weight loss. Look for ways to inject more NEPA into your day. NEPA often registers as “steps” on activity-tracking apps and watches. Try to clock up 10,000-15,000 steps a day for best results.
Be patient!
Weight loss of a pound or less per week might not sound impressive but lose that amount weekly for several months, and you’re looking at a significant change in your body composition.
You could look like a whole new person in less than a year!
Not only is a slower rate of weight loss sustainable for longer, but it will also be easier to keep it off.
In contrast, rapid weight loss is invariably followed by rapid weight regain. This phenomenon gives rise to the term “yo-yo dieting,” where your body weight goes down only to rebound back up soon afterward.
So, be patient and don’t try and lose weight too fast. In almost every instance, slow and steady wins the fat loss race.
How to Lose 10 Pounds – FAQs
Do you have a question about losing ten pounds in a week or weight loss in general? No worries, because we’ve got the answer!
1. What is the best diet for rapid weight loss?
It really doesn’t matter what diet you follow when trying to lose weight fast. The most critical thing is to create a significant calorie deficit, so your body is forced to burn fat for fuel. Ideally, you should limit your calorie intake to 1000 calories below maintenance.
That said, the very low-carb keto diet may be beneficial because it promotes glycogen depletion, which hastens water and weight loss.
However, any diet that keeps you in a calorie deficit will work, so choose an eating plan that fits your lifestyle and food preferences.
2. Can I have cheat meals while trying to lose ten pounds in a week?
If you feel you need cheat meals during a one-week diet, you probably don’t have the right mindset for this weight loss challenge. Cheat meals during such a short diet will almost certainly derail your progress and undermine your results.
Surely you can tough it out for a week and just stick to the plan?!
Losing ten pounds in a week means committing to the process and ignoring cravings and hunger pangs. If you don’t think you can do this, you should look for a more conservative diet and resolve to losing weight more slowly.
3. How much weight will I regain at the end of the week?
Initially, most of the weight you regain at the end of your seven-day, ten pound-diet will be water. As such, you could gain as much as five pounds in a matter of hours. It all depends on how much hydrating fluid you consume after your water cut.
You will also regain fat if you start consuming above-maintenance calories. However, fat regain will probably be slower, especially if you eat sensibly and don’t binge. That said, you can avoid fat regain completely if your calorie intake remains equal to your calorie expenditure.
4. Is water cutting safe?
Water cuts are best described as safe-ish. The protocol outlined in this article is not especially extreme, and the risks are pretty low. Other water cuts lead to much more significant weight loss (20+ pounds in 24-48 hours) and are much more dangerous.
However, there is always a risk when manipulating your hydration levels, including dehydration, cramps, nausea, heart palpations, heat stroke, kidney problems, low blood pressure, confusion, unconsciousness, and death.
Consider these risks before embarking on any type of water cut.
5. What is the best workout for losing ten pounds in seven days?
The aim of exercise during a rapid weight loss diet is burning calories. Ideally, you want to burn about 1000 extra calories per day. Combined with your 1000-calorie deficit, this should result in about 4-5 pounds of fat loss in a week. The rest of your weight loss will be in the form of water.
So, it really doesn’t matter what type of exercise you do so long as you burn the required number of calories. You can do short-but-intense workouts or longer, more leisurely workouts – both can burn a similar number of calories.
Including strength training in your workouts is a good idea, as it can help preserve muscle mass and prevent atrophy. However, as you’ll only be dieting for one week, muscle loss should be minimal, provided you consume sufficient protein.
Related: Calorie Burning Calculators
You could even skip exercise altogether and just walk and be more active. However, this will entail a lot of movement and may be impractical if you have a sedentary job.
Most people get the best results by combining sensible daily workouts will reasonable amounts of general physical activity. However, be aware that, as the week progresses, you will probably start to feel tired and are going to fatigue more quickly. Make allowances for this in your workouts.
Related:
Closing Thoughts
It usually takes months or even years to gain weight and become overfat. Too much food and insufficient activity and exercise put you into a calorie surplus, and those unused calories are then converted to and stored as fat.
This is why most people tend to gain weight gradually over several years and not all at once.
However, despite slow weight gain being the norm, most people want to lose weight as fast as possible.
Unfortunately, while you CAN lose weight quickly, and dropping ten pounds in a week is entirely doable, rapid weight loss is seldom sustainable or enjoyable. Plus, rapid weight regain is practically unavoidable.
So, by all means, use the strategies in this article to lose ten pounds in seven days, but understand this weight loss will probably be temporary, and a slower, more conservative approach to weight loss will invariably be more successful.
How To Lose 15 Pounds in a Month: The Ultimate Guide to Transform Your Body and Boost Your Confidence
Everyone experiences undesired weight gain at some point in their life. Some people realize they have gained extra weight when they notice love handles poking through their favorite shirt; others have an epiphany when they have difficulty bending over to tie their shoelaces.
Whether you gain weight in your early teens or late 40s, it is usually because of the same reasons. Since the causes of weight gain are timeless, so are its remedies. Avoid reinventing the wheel every time you want to lose a few pounds.
Most people want to lose a lot of weight in a very short period. Ask a newbie about their transformation objective, and they will probably tell you they want to lose 15 pounds in a month.
Interestingly, most people quit their weight loss journey without achieving their goals. Setting unattainable goals is one of the most common reasons why most people never attain their transformation objectives. The lack of experience and guidance takes a close second and third.
Is it possible to lose 15 pounds in a month?
Yes, you can undoubtedly lose 15 pounds in 30 days. However, just because you can do something doesn’t mean you should. Losing 15 pounds in 30 days without a plan and proper guidance can be a disaster and lead to health issues.
In this article, we’ll uncover the science of weight loss, discover if it’s safe to lose 15 pounds in 30 days, learn about the best ways and diet to lose fat quickly, and go over some of the most popular questions on this subject. We have a lot to cover. So, sit tight and read on.
How Weight Loss Works
Weight loss ultimately boils down to calories in vs. calories out. You must be in a calorie deficit to lose weight, meaning you must expend more calories in a day than you consume. Once you are in a calorie deficit, your body starts burning stored glycogen for fuel, leading to fat loss.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), cutting 500–1,000 calories from your daily diet can result in a weekly weight loss of 1–2 pounds. Staying in this range will keep your physique transformation journey gradual, steady, and sustainable. [1]
But how does restricting 500 calories a day lead to a 1-pound weekly weight loss?
Per the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), a pound of body fat comprises 3,500 calories. A shortfall of 500 daily calories results in a 3,500 calories weekly deficit (500 X 7), allowing you to lose a pound of body weight. [2]
That said, a pound of body fat does not equal a pound of body weight. However, several studies have shown that a 500 daily calorie cut results in a weekly weight loss of one pound, and hence, this is often used as a standard while designing a weight loss diet program. [3]
Per the CDC guidelines, restricting your daily caloric intake by 500–1,000 calories will result in a weight loss of 4–8 pounds. However, our objective here is to lose 15 pounds in a month.
How many calories do I need to cut to lose 15 pounds in a month?
In line with the CDC guidelines, you would need to cut approximately 1,875 daily calories to lose 15 pounds in a month.
Is Losing 15 Pounds in a Month Safe?
Is a 1,875 calories deficit possible? It depends on your current lifestyle. Folks coming off a bulking diet and eating upward of 4,000 calories daily might find it easy to cut approximately 2,000 calories from their diet. However, if you eat 2,000–2,500 calories daily, a 1,875-calorie deficit can lead to major health consequences.
Most people flock toward fad diets such as the boiled egg diet or the cabbage soup diet for quick weight loss results. However, most of these fad diets have no scientific evidence backing them and can lead to chronic health conditions as they significantly limit your nutrient sources and intake.
Contrary to what most people think, achieving a calorie deficit isn’t limited to restricting your food intake. You can also enter a calorie deficit by burning calories through exercising. Combining a low-calorie diet with a training program is the most effective way of losing 15 pounds in a month.
That said, maintaining a 1,875 calorie deficit is like walking a tightrope. You must consult a healthcare professional before starting a weight loss program, especially if you have an existing condition like diabetes, gallstones, or heart disease.
Factors That Determine If You Can Lose 15 Pounds in a Month
Buckle up for some truly mind-blowing revelations. Hold onto something sturdy while you still have time.
There is no guarantee that you’ll lose 15 pounds in 30 days, even after maintaining a 1,875 daily calorie deficit. You read that right. There are no guarantees here.
Weight loss works uniquely for different people. While your training partner might shed the desired 15 pounds in 28 days, it might take you more than a month. Many factors influence weight loss, including:
Genetics
Your genetic makeup dictates how your body reacts to your diet and training program. Some people will lose fat faster than others. Plus, some folks lose fat from a specific body group before the results replicate in other areas. For example, your training partner might lose fat first from his belly, whereas you might see the magic of your transformation program first on your face.
Your genetics will also determine where you store body fat. You must work around your genetics and design a training program that best suits your needs. Individuals that hold fat in the back of their upper arms should add arm exercises in their workouts to combat the bat wings and tone their guns.
Remember, your genetics might slow you down, but they will not stop you in your tracks. This is also why beginners must always track and assess their progress. Make necessary changes as soon as you discover you are not going in the right direction.
Related: Weight Loss Calculator
Experience
Training and dieting experience is one of the most undervalued aspects of a transformation journey. People that have undergone a physical transformation before experience faster results than newbies.
The quick results are the result of muscle memory. Plus, people that have done something before know what works for them and what doesn’t, saving them considerable time.
Newbies have no reason to hang their heads low. If you lack the experience to fast-track your transformation progress, you can hire a healthcare professional with a proven track record to help you achieve your goal.
Gender and Age
On average, men shed weight and build muscle mass faster than ladies. It is primarily because of testosterone — the male sex hormone. Females tend to store a greater amount of body fat in their lower bodies, whereas males hold it in their upper bodies.
Further, the essential body fat storage in men is 2–5% and 10–13% for the ladies; it is the amount of fat required to maintain life and reproductive functions.
The natural testosterone levels in both genders decline with age, which results in a higher body fat percentage. Weight loss also becomes more difficult with age.
Metabolism
Your metabolic rate plays a crucial role in your weight loss journey. A high metabolic rate helps you burn calories throughout the day, even when you are physically inactive. Men generally have a higher metabolic rate than women. Plus, your metabolic rate declines with age, making weight loss more complex as you grow older.
Use this basal metabolic rate (BMR) calculator to determine how many calories you need daily to maintain your basic body functioning. The BMR calculator uses your age, gender, weight, height, and body fat percentage (optional) to determine how many calories you burn throughout the day.
Regular exercise can help increase your muscle mass and burn body fat, which can help boost your metabolic rate.
According to a popular myth, eating small, frequent meals throughout the day can result in a faster metabolism. However, several studies have debunked this theory. According to a 2015 study, increasing meal frequency from three to six per day might increase hunger and the desire to eat. [4]
To lose fat, you should focus on staying in a calorie deficit instead of trying to tweak your metabolic rate. Find a meal plan that suits your lifestyle and works for you, and stick to it long-term for optimal results.
Training, Nutrition, and Recovery Program
Most people never achieve their transformation goal because of substandard training, nutrition, and recovery program. These folks follow a cookie-cutter transformation program designed for someone else, which delays their results and leads to muscle imbalances.
For instance, a 190-pound female trying to lose 15 pounds in a month will never find success following a transformation program made for a 185-pound male aiming to shed 8 pounds monthly.
Your diet, training, and recovery program must fit your lifestyle, preferences, and habits. You should refrain from making significant lifestyle changes during your weight loss journey. A night owl should resist the temptation to turn around his life overnight by signing up for an early morning CrossFit class. You must ease into your new transformation journey and focus on longevity.
Consistency
Consistency is the key to a successful weight loss program. Weight loss is complex and challenging. Don’t let anyone tell you otherwise. You must do everything right to make the needle budge in the right direction. A wrong step, and you will either hit a plateau or put the weight back on.
Plus, losing 15 pounds in a month is a hefty goal. You must do everything as per plan for these 30 days to maximize your chances of success. It means that you cannot miss a training session or meal or cut down on your recovery time.
A transformation program will test your determination, grit, and consistency. The longer a fitness program, the more challenging it is to stick to it. Furthermore, since losing 50 pounds in a month requires you to follow rapid weight-loss techniques, going off track can make the weight bounce back as quickly as you lost it.
How To Lose 15 Pounds in a Month
Sustaining a 1,875-calorie deficit requires you to make adjustments to your entire lifestyle. Although you could cut almost 2,000 calories from your diet just by eating less, it is not ideal. You must balance your training and diet plan to achieve your weight loss goal of shedding 15 pounds in a month.
Notably, folks that want to lose 15 pounds in a month have short-term objectives. These people don’t want to continue this weight loss program for several months. Hence, you must make quick and significant adjustments to your diet as soon as you begin your weight loss journey.
You must also get comfortable making significant lifestyle changes during this transformation program as you are racing against the clock. Thirty days is all you have; you’ve got to make every one of these days count.
Here are 18 changes you must make to your lifestyle to lose 15 pounds in a month:
Set a Realistic Goal
Most people never achieve their transformation objective because they bite on more than they can chew. To be honest, losing 15 pounds in a month is an ambitious goal too. Sustaining a 1,875-calorie deficit for 30 days is easier said than done.
If you do not have a specific reason to lose 15 pounds in a month, you should aim for a more realistic goal, such as shedding 8 pounds in 30 days. This goal aligns with the CDC weight loss recommendations and is relatively easy and safe to sustain over the long term.
Switch To a Low-Calorie Diet
Weight loss ultimately comes down to calories in vs. calories out. You must enter a calorie deficit to lose 15 pounds in a month. Depending on your current lifestyle, you can either adjust your current diet or switch to a new diet to help you achieve the deficit.
The keto and Mediterranean diets are a couple of popular diets that can help you lose weight, but more on these later in this article. Remember, you must choose a diet that fits your lifestyle. Going vegan might help a non-vegetarian significantly restrict his calorie intake, but it will be extremely hard to sustain if you’ve never tried it before. Always ease into a diet rather than switching to a radically different diet overnight.
Do More Cardio
Although exercising and cardio are not mandatory in a weight loss program, they can help you enter a calorie deficit. You could enter a calorie deficit by eating less, working out, or combining both. Using both options will speed up your weight loss progress.
Since your goal is to lose 15 pounds in a month, you must perform two daily cardio sessions to fast-track your results. The first cardio session should be a 30-45 minute low-intensity steady state (LISS) workout done on an empty stomach first thing in the morning. For the second cardio session, do a 15-20 minute high-intensity interval training (HIIT) workout in the evening.
HIIT workouts are an anaerobic form of training, meaning it relies on stored glycogen for fuel. On the other hand, LISS cardio is a form of aerobic exercise that relies on oxygen for energy production.
Weight Training
Most people leave gains on the table by restricting themselves to cardio workouts during a weight loss program. Resistance training can boost your weight loss results in multiple ways. It helps build muscle mass and tone your physique, improving your physique aesthetics.
Muscle mass is more metabolically active, meaning it burns more calories throughout the day than a pound of body fat [5]. Folks with a higher muscle mass will burn more calories throughout the day than folks with a high body fat percentage. Plus, weight training increases your metabolic rate, helping you burn calories even after your workouts when you are physically inactive.
Incorporate HIIT into Your Workouts
High-intensity interval training is one of the best ways to ramp up your weight loss progress. You shouldn’t limit HIIT to cardio. Perform a bodyweight HIIT circuit or incorporate this principle into your weight training workouts to maximize results.
Tabata, AMRAP, EMOM, ladders, and pyramids are a few popular forms of HIIT. Cycle between these HIIT protocols to keep your workout routine exciting and avoid hitting a plateau. You must also program progressive overload in your workout regimen to make consistent gains. Progressively overload your muscles by using heavier loads, increasing your training intensity or volume, or incorporating advanced training principles into your workouts, such as dropsets, supersets, and intraset stretching. [6]
Prioritize Recovery
You break muscle tissue while you are in the gym. Your muscles grow back bigger and stronger while you’re resting. Even if you do not hit the gym or train, you must give your body enough time to recover and undergo changes. The excess weight comes off your body while you’re asleep.
You must sleep for at least seven to eight hours each night for optimal results. Besides sleeping, you can also use nutritional supplements such as whey protein powders and BCAA to speed up your recovery. Massages, self-myofascial release, and cold and hot water therapy are other excellent methods of streamlining your recovery and boosting weight loss.
Eat Nutrient-Dense Foods
Consuming nutrient-dense whole foods will keep you feeling full for longer, reducing your risk of binging on junk food. Furthermore, nutrient-dense foods often have a low caloric content than processed or refined carbs. It allows you to consume a large volume of food without overshooting your daily caloric target, which can help promote satiety. [7]
Eating nutrient-dense foods also ensures that you meet your daily micronutrient needs, limiting the risk of nutrient deficiencies and promoting overall health and well-being. You must eat a balanced diet to meet your daily macronutrient needs. Switch to a high-protein, low-carb, low-fat diet to fast-track your weight loss and build muscle mass.
Limit Refined Carbs
Refined carbs sources such as white bread, white rice, sugary snacks, and sugary beverages have a high caloric content. Plus, they provide little to no nutritional value. Consuming refined carbs can significantly increase your daily calorie intake. However, since these are empty calories, refined carb sources won’t lead to satiety and might even lead to cravings. [8]
Your body digests refined carbs quickly, resulting in insulin and blood sugar level spikes, which can lead to energy crashes, cravings, and increased fat storage, hindering weight loss efforts. These food sources often lack essential nutrients and can hamper your metabolism.
Eat Fiber-Rich Foods
If your goal is to lose 15 pounds in a month, you must avoid binge eating. Fiber-rich foods are a godsend in this regard, as they keep you satiated throughout the day. High-fiber foods also take longer to digest. Additionally, fiber-rich foods, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes, are low in calories than processed foods.
Eating high-fiber foods also improves your digestion and gut health. A healthy gut microbiome can lead to better weight management and a lower risk of obesity. Foods rich in fiber usually have a high water content, which increases their volume without adding to their calorie content.
Track Your Calories
Losing 15 pounds in 30 days requires you to adhere to a strict dieting regimen. Exceeding your calorie target, even on a few occasions, can disrupt your weight loss aspirations. The most effective way of staying below your calorie limits is to track your calories.
You could use a calorie tracking app, such as MyFitnessPal, to stay on top of your caloric intake. Most calorie-tracking apps have an extensive database of foods and recipes, making food logging easy and convenient. You can skip logging your meals after you’ve settled on a routine.
Tip: Calculate Your Daily Energy Expenditure
Increase Physical Activity
Contrary to what most people think, spending 30 to 45 minutes in the gym isn’t enough to lose 15 pounds in a month. Doing a cardio session early in the morning and sitting at your desk for the rest of the day puts you in the active, sedentary category.
You must program activities throughout your day to limit your risk of developing chronic health conditions associated with sitting for prolonged periods, including high blood pressure and type 2 diabetes. 9]
Walking more throughout the day is a convenient (but not easy) way to ensure you remain active. Beginners can set themselves a 5,000 daily step target and work their way up until they are walking 10,000 steps a day.
Drink a Lot of Water
Staying hydrated throughout the day can keep you satiated, lowering your chances of feasting on junk food. Plus, water is a calorie-free beverage, meaning it won’t add to your calorie bottom line. Drinking an adequate amount of water can also boost your metabolic rate. You must drink at least a gallon of water daily to ensure optional body functioning.
Drinking 500 ml of water 30 minutes before a meal can help limit your hunger. This technique has been shown to lead to greater weight loss in overweight or obese middle-aged and older adults. [10]
Try Fasting
Fasting is one of the most effective ways to enter a calorie deficit. Intermittent fasting is a popular fasting protocol involving cycling between fasting and feeding windows. The 16/8 intermittent fasting (IF) protocol is the most popular fasting method that requires you to fast for 16 hours a day and eat during an eight-hour window.
Unlike most other diets, intermittent fasting doesn’t dictate what you can and cannot eat. In an IF diet, you focus on eating at a particular time during the day. Among other things, fasting helps burn through your glycogen reserves and boost your metabolic rate, which can help you lose 15 pounds in a month. Beginners can start with more conservative IF protocols, such as the 14/10 method, whereas more experienced faster can try the OMAD (one meal a day) diet. [11]
Avoid Cheat Meals
A month is a relatively short period to lose 15 pounds. Although cheat meals have a time and a place, you must avoid them on this program. A cheat meal can put you in a calorie surplus. It is common for people to eat 1,000-2,000 excess calories during a cheat meal.
Offsetting these calories can take you an additional two to three days. Depending on your cheat meal, you could need to cut more than 1,875 calories from your daily diet to get back on track with your weight loss goals. Those serious about their transformation should refrain from eating cheat meals for four weeks.
Cut Out Alcohol
Alcohol is like a double agent. You think it is on your side, but it is scheming with your enemy (body fat) to disrupt all your plans. Alcohol contains a high sugar content; a gram of alcohol generally contains seven calories. Worse yet, these are empty calories that have no nutritional value.
Alcohol consumption increases your appetite and your chances of binging on junk food. It also leads to dehydration and poor sleep and slows down your metabolism. Alcohol does everything that you want to avoid on a weight loss program.
Read also: Alcohol and Muscle Growth – Alcohol Fat Burning.
Manage Your Stress Levels
Chronic stress leads to higher levels of cortisol in your body, which can increase appetite and cravings for unhealthy foods. High cortisol levels also lead to an increase in fat storage in your abdominal area.
Higher stress levels also increase your risk of emotional eating, which never ends well on a fat loss program. Chronic stress can also disrupt your sleep, which can hamper your recovery. Try meditation, yoga, and journaling to combat stress. You should seek professional help if these three methods don’t bring you relief. [12]
Track Your Progress
Since 30 days is a short period for losing 15 pounds, you must track your progress to ensure you are heading in the right direction. Recording your body weight and anthropometric measurement, keeping a workout journal, and taking photos of your physique are the most reliable ways to track your progress.
Remember, you don’t need to track your progress daily. Take your measurement on the same day at the same time every week and make necessary adjustments if you are unhappy with your progress.
Hire Professionals
Most people never achieve their weight loss goal because they follow a cookie-cutter transformation program. Each individual is unique. What might work for your training partner might not work for you. Ensure that you follow a customized training, diet, and recovery program for optimal results.
Seek a professional’s help if you don’t have experience designing a training and diet program. A personal trainer can give you a personalized training regimen, and a registered nutritionist can provide you with a diet plan that fits your lifestyle. Hiring a trainer and dietitian might cost you some money upfront, but it will pay dividends in the long run.
Diets To Help You Lose 15 Pounds in a Month
Although some people can get away with making adjustments to their current meals, others need to revamp their entire diet to lose 15 pounds in a month. If you fall in the latter category, given below are some diets that can help you achieve your weight loss goal. Pick the one that fits your lifestyle.
Keto
A ketogenic diet involves eating a very low amount of carbs and replacing them with fat, as it helps your body burn fat for energy. Studies show that high-fat diets are significantly more effective at helping you shed weight than low-fat diets [13]. Furthermore, a keto diet can improve your training performance as it results in better ATP production than a high-carb diet.
Here is a typical macronutrient split used in a keto diet:
Fats: 70-80%
Protein: 20-30%
Carbs: 5-10%
Next Read: What is Keto Diet? Benefits, Drawbacks, and Sample Meal Plan
Paleo
A Paleolithic diet includes eating whole, unprocessed foods, such as vegetables, nuts, seeds, and meat. The paleo diet involves eating like our ancestors. Studies have shown that a paleo diet can result in significant weight loss and reduce your risk of lifestyle diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, and heart disease. [14]
Check Out: Paleo Dieting: A Comprehensive Guide for Beginners
Mediterranean Diet
The Mediterranean diet revolves around eating foods traditionally eaten in the countries that border the Mediterranean Sea, including Portugal, coastal France, southern Spain, southern Italy, Crete, and much of Greece.
Dieters that eat a Mediterranean diet have lower risks of contracting heart disease and other common illnesses and diseases. These dieters generally live longer and are healthier than folks who eat a standard American or Western diet.
Also Read: What Is the Mediterranean Diet?
FAQs
Do I need to exercise to lose 15 pounds in a month?
No, working out is not mandatory on a weight loss program. That said, doing a couple of daily training sessions can speed up your weight loss progress by helping you enter a calorie deficit.
How long will it take for me to lose 15 pounds safely?
The CDC recommends limiting your daily deficit to 500-1,000 calories, which will help you lose 4–8 pounds safely and sustainably in a month. According to the CDC guidelines, it will take you 2–3 months to lose 15 pounds.
Will the weight I’ve lost come back if I return to my old habits after successfully completing my transformation journey?
Losing and keeping weight off requires lifestyle changes. If you return to your old habits right after achieving your weight loss goal, the weight will come back on just as quickly.
Note: The content on Fitness Volt is for informative purposes only. Do not take it as medical advice to diagnose, prevent, or treat health problems. If you’re suffering from a health issue, are pregnant, or are under 18 years old, you should consult your physician before starting any new supplement, nutrition, or fitness routine.
Wrapping Up
Losing 15 pounds in a month can feel overwhelming, which stops most people from taking their first step. You might not realize this, but you have already taken the first step in achieving your dream physique by choosing to read this article. So, congratulation on taking your first step toward your weight loss goal.
It is absolutely fine to experience self-doubt and frustration before starting to work toward such a big goal; we’ve all been there. Remember, you don’t need to follow all the 18 steps mentioned in this article to achieve your weight loss goals, and you don’t have to limit your transformation timeline to 30 days. Start with making a couple of adjustments to your lifestyle and take your time with your weight loss goal. The results will be worth it. Best of luck!
Related:
References
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Kim JY. Optimal Diet Strategies for Weight Loss and Weight Loss Maintenance. J Obes Metab Syndr. 2021 Mar 30;30(1):20-31. doi: 10.7570/jomes20065. PMID: 33107442; PMCID: PMC8017325.
Ohkawara K, Cornier MA, Kohrt WM, Melanson EL. Effects of increased meal frequency on fat oxidation and perceived hunger. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2013 Feb;21(2):336-43. doi: 10.1002/oby.20032. PMID: 23404961; PMCID: PMC4391809.
Zurlo F, Larson K, Bogardus C, Ravussin E. Skeletal muscle metabolism is a major determinant of resting energy expenditure. J Clin Invest. 1990 Nov;86(5):1423-7. doi: 10.1172/JCI114857. PMID: 2243122; PMCID: PMC296885.
Atakan MM, Li Y, Koşar ŞN, Turnagöl HH, Yan X. Evidence-Based Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training on Exercise Capacity and Health: A Review with Historical Perspective. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jul 5;18(13):7201. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18137201. PMID: 34281138; PMCID: PMC8294064.
Nicklas TA, Drewnowski A, O’Neil CE. The nutrient density approach to healthy eating: challenges and opportunities. Public Health Nutr. 2014 Dec;17(12):2626-36. doi: 10.1017/S136898001400158X. Epub 2014 Aug 28. PMID: 25166614.
Bradley P. Refined carbohydrates, phenotypic plasticity, and the obesity epidemic. Med Hypotheses. 2019 Oct;131:109317. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109317. Epub 2019 Jul 20. PMID: 31443772.
Pesola AJ, Pekkonen M, Finni T. Why is excessive sitting a health risk? Duodecim. 2016;132(21):1964-71. PMID: 29190048.
Handbook of Non-Drug Intervention (HANDI) Project Team. Pre-meal water consumption for weight loss. Aust Fam Physician. 2013 Jul;42(7):478. PMID: 23826600.
Vasim I, Majeed CN, DeBoer MD. Intermittent Fasting and Metabolic Health. Nutrients. 2022 Jan 31;14(3):631. doi: 10.3390/nu14030631. PMID: 35276989; PMCID: PMC8839325.
Xenaki N, Bacopoulou F, Kokkinos A, Nicolaides NC, Chrousos GP, Darviri C. Impact of a stress management program on weight loss, mental health and lifestyle in adults with obesity: a randomized controlled trial. J Mol Biochem. 2018;7(2):78-84. Epub 2018 Oct 3. PMID: 30568922; PMCID: PMC6296480.
Giugliano D, Maiorino MI, Bellastella G, Esposito K. More sugar? No, thank you! The elusive nature of low carbohydrate diets. Endocrine. 2018 Sep;61(3):383-387. doi: 10.1007/s12020-018-1580-x. Epub 2018 Mar 19. PMID: 29556949.
Challa HJ, Bandlamudi M, Uppaluri KR. Paleolithic Diet. [Updated 2022 Jul 4]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482457/
Can Collagen Truly Boost Weight Loss? Unveiling the Truth
Collagen is a form of protein that most people associate with skin and joint health. However, it has become popular as a weight loss supplement over the past few years. Yet, collagen’s ability to help you shed pounds is far from settled science. In this article, we delve into the research to help you decide whether supplementing with collagen will help you achieve your fat loss goals.
What is Collagen?
Collagen is the most abundant form of protein in your body. It helps support the structure of your skin, hair, nails, and connective tissue. It is also needed for bone health, promoting both density and strength. As we age, our body’s ability to produce collagen decreases. This results in many common signs of aging, such as wrinkles, lack of skin elasticity, and joint stiffness.
Other benefits of collagen include promoting the structure and function of muscle tissue. It promotes muscle strength and helps improve post-workout recovery. Specific amino acids that makeup collagen help promote gut health and improve digestion.
Collagen also helps improve cardiovascular health. It strengthens blood vessels, helps reduce blood pressure, and may lower the risk of heart disease.
Collagen comprises 19 amino acids, structured in a triple helix construction. Three amino acids make up nearly 60% of collagen:
Glycine
Proline
Hydroxyproline
Learn more about collagen and its ability to help you build lean muscle mass.
Collagen Supplement Forms
There are four forms of collagen that you will find in collagen supplements:
Type I Collagen
The majority of the collagen in your body is Type 1. It is present in the skin, tendons, and connective tissue. This form of collagen is best for skin, nail, and hair health.
Type II Collagen
Most of the collagen in your cartilage is Type II. It is the best form of the supplement to promote joint health and help reduce the symptoms of osteoarthritis.
Type III Collagen
Type III collagen works with Type I to promote skin elasticity and prevent wrinkles, though it is far less abundant. This type of collagen supplements have the same skin-enhancing benefits as Type I.
Multi-Collagen Blend
Multi-blend supplements include a combination of all three forms of collagen. This multi-faceted approach benefits your skin, hair, nails, joints, and connective tissue and promotes blood vessel and organ health.
Types of Collagen Supplements
Collagen supplements are sold in several formats, each offering unique benefits:
Collagen Hydrolysate
You may be familiar with whey hydrolysate, which breaks down protein molecules for faster absorption into the body. Collagen hydrolysate does the same thing. Before you put it into your body, it has been predigested into collagen peptides, saving the body from carrying out this step. This allows the collagen to get into your cells faster. The trade-off is that there is a smaller thermic effect because the body has to do less work to digest the collagen.
Liquid Collagen
Liquid collagen is actually a powdered form of the protein suspended in a liquid. It may be flavored or combined with another supplement. This is the most expensive form of collagen supplement.
Powdered Collagen
A powdered collagen supplement comes in a container with a scoop and must be mixed with water or some other liquid. It can be harder to get a standard dosage and may turn into a clumpy, gritty drink if the powder doesn’t mix properly.
Capsule Collagen
It is a powdered form of the supplement put into a capsule. This ensures you get a standard dose. Make sure that the material used in the capsule is healthy. If you are a vegan or vegetarian, you will want to avoid gelatin capsules which are made from bovine or porcine sources.
Does Collagen Assist with Weight Loss?
There is some research indicating that collagen may assist in weight loss. However, the effect is not significant, so it would be a mistake to classify collagen as a major weight loss stimulator. The other benefits of taking collagen far outweigh its weight loss potential.
Let’s delve into the research to discover how collagen may help promote weight loss.
A couple of studies focused on the use of specific collagen derived from a flat fish known as the ‘skate fish.’ In a 2019 study by Tak, et al., researchers gave 81 overweight adults either 2,000 mg of skatefish collagen in supplementary form or a placebo for 12 weeks. At the end of the study, the collagen group experienced a greater rate of fat loss than the placebo group (2.7% vs 1.2%). [1]
A 2018 rodent study also looked at the ability of skatefish collagen to reduce body fat. The mice were initially overfed to increase their stored body fat. Again, collagen supplementation was able to reduce body fat levels. [2]
Another rodent study looked at the ability of collagen supplementation to reduce menopause-related weight gain. In this case, a form of collagen called collagen hydrolysate was seen to improve fat loss in estrogen-deficient rats. It also appeared to slow down any extra weight gain after increased caloric intake. [3]
Notably, the first two studies involved a specific form of collagen (derived from skater fish) and a specific condition (low estrogen brought on by menopause). However, some researchers have concluded that collagen may be able to slow down fat build-up and promote lipid metabolism.
We’ve already noticed that collagen is the most abundant protein in the human body. The role of protein in weight loss is widely recognized for its satiating effect and potential to curb food cravings. So, the fact that collagen is a protein means it will help with weight loss, regardless of whether collagen has any specific fat loss-promoting ability.
Protein builds muscle. After a resistance workout, tiny microtears in the muscle fiber cause breakdown. When you put protein into your system, you start a process called protein synthesis by which the amino acids are used to repair and rebuild the muscle tissue. That is why protein is so popular among the bodybuilding community.
There are three main ways through which protein promotes weight loss:
Thermic Effect
Protein has the highest thermic effect of any of the macronutrients. The thermic effect refers to the amount of energy needed by the body to digest a certain type of food. Researchers have worked this out as a percentage of the total caloric value of the food. Fats and carbs require about 10 percent of their total calories for digestion. When it comes to proteins, however, that percentage skyrockets to around 30 percent. In other words, around a third of the calories in your protein food get used up in digesting and absorbing that food. [4]
Hunger Busting Effect
The second feature of protein that makes it beneficial for weight loss is its high satiety effect. It is by far the most filling of the three macronutrients. So, having a decent portion of protein with each meal will go a long way toward helping to avoid snacking between meals. Snacking not only adds extra unwanted calories; it also spikes insulin levels. This is even more pronounced if a person’s snack of choice consists of sugar-laden carbs.
While we’re on the subject of insulin, protein and fat cause a much lower insulin release than carbohydrates. So, basing your meals around fats and proteins will help to keep this fat-hoarding hormone in check. [5]
To benefit from the hunger-busting effects of protein, you should add a quality source of lean protein to every meal. Eggs are a great breakfast option. A single egg contains six grams of protein. Taking 2-3 as part of your breakfast will keep you full and satisfied until lunchtime. A couple of sandwiches with tuna, cold meat, or salmon make a great lunch option. For dinner, include a portion of lean protein (chicken, red meat, fish) about the size of the back of your hand.
Muscle Building Effect
Every ounce of muscle that you add to your body will make you a more efficient fat burner. That is because muscle takes much more energy to maintain itself than fat. As a result, even a small gain in muscle mass will speed up your metabolism. That means you will burn more calories all day and night.
To add some muscle to your frame, you should begin a resistance exercise program and get a plentiful supply of protein into your body.
Collagen is Not an Ideal Protein Source
The above-mentioned ability to help reduce body fat is not specific to collagen. It is true of all proteins. However, it should be noted that collagen is not an ideal form of protein when it comes to its muscle-building and weight-loss potential. That’s because collagen is not a complete protein. It is missing the essential amino acid — tryptophan. It is also very high in three amino acids (glycine, proline, and hydroxyproline) while comparatively low in others.
In a 2019 study, researchers compared the ability of collagen and whey protein to promote satiety in overweight women. Over eight weeks, the collagen group experienced greater weight gain than the whey group. The study authors suggested that collagen’s limited ability to promote satiety was due to the lack of tryptophan and low level of the three branch chain amino acids. [6]
Collagen Reduces Joint Pain
Collagen’s ability to reduce joint pain may indirectly contribute to weight loss. That’s because joint pain can inhibit a person’s ability to exercise regularly, which might negatively impact a person’s ability to perform calorie-burning workouts consistently.
A 2021 meta-study analyzed 15 clinical trials focused on collagen’s ability to reduce joint pain and facilitate exercise. The results showed that collagen supplementation improved joint functionality and reduced joint pain. [7]
FAQs
Can collagen help suppress the appetite?
While there is no evidence that collagen reduces appetite, all proteins can do so to a certain extent. That is because protein has a higher thermic effect than carbs or fats, requiring more energy to digest. Proteins also tend to fill us up more than other macronutrients, helping to ward off hunger pangs.
Can collagen help get rid of cellulite?
There is no evidence to suggest that collagen can reduce cellulite. However, it can help improve skin elasticity and firmness and reduce wrinkles.
Are collagen supplements safe?
Yes, collagen supplements are considered to be safe when they are taken according to recommended dosages. As with all supplements, however, some people may experience minor side effects, including stomach discomfort, gas, diarrhea, or nausea while using a collagen supp.
What is the best way to lose weight?
The best way to lose weight is to combine a low-calorie diet with regular calorie-burning exercise. Aim to consume 250-500 calories less than your body burns each day to establish a daily calorie deficit. By burning off another 250-500 calories through exercise, you will force your body to make up the energy difference by converting stored body fat into energy.
Bottom Line: Should You Take Collagen for Weight Loss?
What can we conclude after examining the research supporting collagen’s ability to promote weight loss? There is very little evidence that collagen can directly promote fat loss, even though specific collagen sources have had some effect. Collagen may affect weight loss simply because it is a form of protein. Even then, though, it is not an ideal protein source to promote satiety, thermogenesis, and muscle building. As a result, I do not encourage taking a collagen supplement as part of your weight loss strategy,
Taking a collagen supplement to improve your skin health, promote healthy hair and nails, and strengthen your joints, ligaments, and bones makes sense. You may experience a slight improvement in weight loss as a side effect of those benefits.
References
Tak YJ, Kim YJ, Lee JG, Yi YH, Cho YH, Kang GH, Lee SY. Effect of Oral Ingestion of Low-Molecular Collagen Peptides Derived from Skate (Raja Kenojei) Skin on Body Fat in Overweight Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Mar Drugs. 2019 Mar 7;17(3):157. doi: 10.3390/md17030157. PMID: 30866485; PMCID: PMC6471368.
Woo M, Song YO, Kang KH, Noh JS. Anti-Obesity Effects of Collagen Peptide Derived from Skate (Raja kenojei) Skin Through Regulation of Lipid Metabolism. Mar Drugs. 2018 Aug 30;16(9):306. doi: 10.3390/md16090306. PMID: 30200239; PMCID: PMC6164805.
Chiang TI, Chang IC, Lee HH, Hsieh KH, Chiu YW, Lai TJ, Liu JY, Hsu LS, Kao SH. Amelioration of estrogen deficiency-induced obesity by collagen hydrolysate. Int J Med Sci. 2016 Oct 19;13(11):853-857. doi: 10.7150/ijms.16706. PMID: 27877077; PMCID: PMC5118756.
Calcagno M, Kahleova H, Alwarith J, Burgess NN, Flores RA, Busta ML, Barnard ND. The Thermic Effect of Food: A Review. J Am Coll Nutr. 2019 Aug;38(6):547-551. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2018.1552544. Epub 2019 Apr 25. PMID: 31021710.
Paddon-Jones D, Westman E, Mattes RD, Wolfe RR, Astrup A, Westerterp-Plantenga M. Protein, weight management, and satiety. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 May;87(5):1558S-1561S. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/87.5.1558S. PMID: 18469287.
Giglio BM, Schincaglia RM, da Silva AS, Fazani ICS, Monteiro PA, Mota JF, Cunha JP, Pichard C, Pimentel GD. Whey Protein Supplementation Compared to Collagen Increases Blood Nesfatin Concentrations and Decreases Android Fat in Overweight Women: A Randomized Double-Blind Study. Nutrients. 2019 Sep 2;11(9):2051. doi: 10.3390/nu11092051. PMID: 31480676; PMCID: PMC6770102.
Khatri M, Naughton RJ, Clifford T, Harper LD, Corr L. The effects of collagen peptide supplementation on body composition, collagen synthesis, and recovery from joint injury and exercise: a systematic review. Amino Acids. 2021 Oct;53(10):1493-1506. doi: 10.1007/s00726-021-03072-x. Epub 2021 Sep 7. PMID: 34491424; PMCID: PMC8521576.
Brian Shaw Reveals 10,000+ Calorie Diet Leading Up To His Final Professional Strongman Appearance Ever
It’s been a turbulent year for Brian Shaw, especially since he announced that he will be retiring after the 2023 Shaw Classic. The fourth edition of Brian’s competition will take place on August 19-20. So, it is just over two months from now and the time for Brian to prepare is slowly running out. Thus, Shaw is taking all the necessary steps to be the Strongest Man on Earth, including a daily diet of over 10,000 calories.
Brian Shaw shared a video on YouTube on June 12th, revealing exactly what his full day of eating looks like. Standing at 6 feet 8 inches and weighing around 400 pounds, Brian eats six meals a day to maintain his bodyweight.
Brian Shaw (Courtesy of World’s Strongest Man)
Related: 2023 Shaw Classic Updates: New Competitor, Arm Wrestling Matches & More Revealed By Brian Shaw
Brian Shaw’s Full Day of Eating
Meal One
For meal one of the day, Brian Shaw first made a bundle of pancakes, taking five for himself and leaving the rest for his sons. He then got himself eight ounces of bison meat and mixed it with six eggs. He also added butter, syrup, and ketchup to make the meal a bit more tasty. In addition, Brian drank a glass of orange juice.
Calories: 2,260
Protein: 104
Carbs: 240
Fat: 95.5
Meal Two
Brian Shaw first prepares his second meal at home and brings it to work, where he also eats it. He uses three scoops of protein, one banana, water, and some peanut butter to make himself a nice shake. Apart from the shake, Brian packed up an apple and some cookies.
Calories: 1,190
Protein: 85
Carbs: 132
Fat: 36
Meal Three
Brian Shaw calls meal number three the “First Lunch” and it is basically pasta and bison meat. However, unlike the portion size in his meal one, Brian used one pound of bison meat, increasing his meal substantially.
Brian Shaw also revealed that he likes to eat fast and with no distractions like phones, TVs, or similar stuff. He does this due to the fact that he eats six meals a day and cannot afford to drag the meals too much.
“When the food sits down in front of me, I focus and quite literally dig into it.”
Calories: 1,495
Protein: 131
Carbs: 153
Fat: 43
Meal Four
For the fourth meal of the day Brian Shaw once again prepared a pound of bison meat, but replaced pasta with rice. Shaw also added some green beans and barbecue sauce to his meal. However, Brian states that he will eat even more bison meat in the weeks leading up to the 2023 Shaw Classic.
“It (2023 Shaw Classic) is just about being big and strong… My portion sizes from this point will only get bigger, they will not get smaller… How I am feeling in the gym is also showing me that eating this way is translating to my performance.”
Calories: 1,532
Protein: 129
Carbs: 161.5
Fat: 40
Meal Five
The second-to-last meal of the day consists of four servings of ravioli, two servings of chicken meatballs, a salad, and eight ounces of bison meat once again. Seeing that he was preparing for a rigorous training session, Brian also drank two cans of Coca-Cola.
Calories: 2,555
Protein: 145
Carbs: 209
Fat: 135
Meal Six
Despite his size already, Brian Shaw makes ice cream by using milk and five scoops of mass gainer. If that wasn’t enough, Brian also consumed some cheesecake, which is rich in calories.
Calories: 1,420
Protein: 97.5
Carbs: 153
Fat: 47.25
Total
After the entire day of eating, Brian Shaw ended up consuming 10,432 calories. Those consisted of 690 grams of protein, 1,048 grams of carbs, and 396 grams of fats.
Watch the full video here:
Related: Strongman Brian Shaw Shows Off Superhuman Strength By Rolling Up Frying Pan
Brian Shaw hoped to make 2023 one of his greatest years ever, but an unfortunate leg infection ruined everything. His infection got so severe that he almost lost his leg. So, by the time the 2023 World’s Strongest Man competition rolled around, Brian was only capable of finishing in seventh place.
However, Brian Shaw is now going back to what worked the best for him, and that is putting on some mass in order to move heavy weights. In order to make his retirement one of the most important events in Strongman history, he hopes to make a spectacle at the 2023 Shaw Classic.
Tip: Try our the bulking calculator.
Published: 12 June, 2023 | 11:36 PM EDT
What Is the Mediterranean Diet?
The diet industry has a problem – many of their eating plans are impossible to maintain for more than a few weeks. They’re too restrictive, unpleasant, costly, or complicated for long-term use.
As such, even if they work, most people quit them long before reaching their target weight or body fat percentage, regaining whatever weight they’ve lost soon after. This gives rise to the term yo-yo dieting, where your weight goes down but soon comes back up again.
Switching diets won’t help, as while the “flavor” may change, most share the same faults. Feelings of hunger and deprivation mean that no diet works for long. Some people become serial dieters, hopping from one restrictive plan to another, doomed to fail over and over again.
Dieters are often blamed for their inability to lose weight, with lack of willpower being the most common accusation. However, when a diet is so bad that you hate every (tiny, bland) meal you eat, only a sadist would stick with it for more than a few days! After all, food should be one of life’s pleasures, not a source of stress and unhappiness.
In most cases, it’s the diet and not the dieter that’s the problem.
The good news is there is a diet that’s much easier to stick to. It’s not as radical as keto or restrictive as intermittent fasting, but that’s what makes it different – and better.
So, in this article, we take a look at the Mediterranean diet. It could be the last eating plan you ever need!
What is the Mediterranean Diet?
The Mediterranean diet is based on the foods traditionally eaten in the countries that border the Mediterranean Sea, including Portugal, coastal France, southern Spain, southern Italy, Crete, and much of Greece.
The populations in these countries have lower incidences of heart disease and other common illnesses and diseases, and the Mediterranean diet is often promoted as one of the best in the world. People who eat a Mediterranean diet generally live longer and are healthier than people who eat a standard American or Western diet (1).
While there is no set Mediterranean diet menu to follow, it typically promotes the consumption of:
Fruits
Vegetables
Whole grains
Legumes
Nuts and seeds
Unprocessed dairy
Lean proteins, especially fish and chicken
Heart-healthy fats and oils
Herbs and spices
In contrast, foods that should be eaten rarely or in small amounts include:
Processed foods
Refined grains, e.g., white bread, white pasta, white rice, etc.
Red meat
Added sugars
Alcohol
There is also an emphasis on preparing food yourself, using fresh seasonal ingredients, and eating mindfully rather than rushing your meals or eating on the go. Like life in a Mediterranean country, this is a lifestyle and not just another restrictive diet.
The Potential Benefits of the Mediterranean Diet
Changing your eating takes time, energy, and effort, so you’ll want to know the benefits before you start; is the Mediterranean diet worth following?
Here are the main potential benefits of the Mediterranean diet:
Protection against heart disease
Heart disease is one of the leading causes of death in developed countries. It is characterized by the narrowing of cardiac arteries and poor blood supply to the heart. Linked to diet and lifestyle factors, heart disease can cause heart attacks, strokes, hypertension, and premature death.
The grains, vegetables, and healthy oils in the Mediterranean diet are believed to offer a lot of protection against heart disease and other conditions of the circulatory system (2). Olive oil, a Mediterranean diet staple, is considered to be especially heart-healthy.
Reduced risk of diabetes
Diabetes is a disease where the body cannot metabolize carbohydrates and sugar properly. This causes a rise in blood glucose levels which can cause damage to almost everywhere blood flows, including the heart, kidneys, extremities, eyes, and sensory nerves. People with diabetes risk dying prematurely, even if the condition is well managed.
There are two types of diabetes – type one and type two. Type one diabetes is an idiopathic autoimmune disease of the pancreas that causes too little insulin to be produced. It is often inherited but can develop when type two diabetes is mismanaged.
In contrast, type two diabetes is usually caused by a poor diet and sedentary lifestyle. In type two diabetes, the cells become insulin resistant, so blood glucose levels remain dangerously high.
While type one diabetes is currently incurable, the low-sugar Mediterranean diet will make it easier to manage. It could also help prevent type two diabetes from developing (3).
Reduced risk of cancer
Cancer incidence is statistically lower in people living within the Mediterranean region. The rate of cancer survival is also significantly higher. Studies have shown a strong link between the Mediterranean diet and a lower risk of death from many types of cancer (4).
Protection against cognitive decline
Age-related cognitive decline is a growing problem, and rates of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease are on the rise. Symptoms are developing earlier and are becoming more severe in many countries.
That said, the Mediterranean diet looks promising for minimizing and even preventing age-related cognitive decline and is as brain-friendly as it is heart-friendly (5). This is due to the high nutrient value of the core foods plus the anti-inflammatory effect of ingredients such as olive oil.
Weight loss and weight control
While any diet that creates a caloric deficit will result in weight loss, studies suggest that the Mediterranean diet could be one of the best long-term weight management diets around (6). This is because it’s not overly restrictive, meals are filling and tasty, and many of the foods are low in calories.
In short, the Mediterranean diet takes the pain out of dieting, and you’re more likely to want to follow it and stick to it for extended periods.
A longer life
With all its known health benefits, it should be no surprise that the Mediterranean diet could help you live longer (7). Numerous studies have shown that people in rural Mediterranean countries live longer, healthier lives than their American counterparts.
Of course, other factors also influence longevity, such as exercise, medical history, health care, stress, etc., but it seems that if you want to live a long, healthy life, the Mediterranean diet could help. The Mediterranean region contains several so-called “Blue Zones,” where people have the longest lifespans, including Sardinia in Italy and Ikaria in Greece.
How to Follow the Mediterranean Diet
There is no set plan to follow for the Mediterranean diet, but this table offers some guidelines:
1
Eat more:
Vegetables, fruits, nuts, seeds, legumes, potatoes, whole grains, herbs, spices, fish, seafood, and extra virgin olive oil
2
Consume in moderation:
Poultry, eggs, cheese, yogurt, red wine*
3
Eat less or avoid:
Red meat, sugar-sweetened beverages, added sugars, processed meat, refined grains, other highly processed foods, beers, and liquors
* Drinking red wine is optional, and you don’t have to start drinking it if you don’t want to.
Base your meals on the following foods and ingredients, adjusting portion sizes as required:
Dairy: cheese, yogurt, milk
Eggs: chicken, quail, and duck eggs
Fish and seafood: salmon, sardines, trout, tuna, mackerel, shrimp, oysters, clams, crab, mussels
Fruits: apples, bananas, oranges, pears, strawberries, grapes, dates, figs, melons, peaches
Healthy fats: extra virgin olive oil, olives, avocados, and avocado oil
Herbs and spices: garlic, basil, mint, rosemary, sage, nutmeg, cinnamon, pepper
Legumes: beans, peas, lentils, pulses, peanuts, chickpeas
Nuts, seeds, and nut butters: almonds, walnuts, macadamia nuts, hazelnuts, cashews, sunflower seeds, pumpkin seeds, almond butter, peanut butter
Poultry: chicken, duck, turkey
Vegetables: tomatoes, broccoli, kale, spinach, onions, cauliflower, carrots, Brussels sprouts, cucumbers, potatoes, sweet potatoes, turnips
Whole grains: oats, brown rice, rye, barley, corn, buckwheat, whole wheat bread, and pasta
Meanwhile, you should avoid the following while on the Mediterranean diet:
Added sugar: added sugar, candies, ice cream, table sugar, syrup, and baked goods
Highly processed foods: fast food, convenience meals, microwave popcorn, granola bars
Processed meat: processed sausages, hot dogs, deli meats, beef jerky
Refined grains: white bread, pasta, tortillas, chips, crackers
Trans fats: found in margarine, fried foods, and other processed foods
Drinks to include:
Water
Coffee and tea, but with limited sugar or cream
Small to moderate amounts of red wine, and only to complement a meal
Fresh fruit juices without added sugar
Drinks to limit or avoid:
Beer and hard liquor
Sugar-sweetened beverages, such as sodas, which contain a lot of added sugar
Fruit juices with added sugar
High-sugar coffee or tea-based drinks
Armed with all this information, you should have no problem creating delicious, nutritious, healthy Mediterranean meals. But, to get you started and maybe give you some ideas and inspiration, here is a sample one-day menu. Adjust the portion sizes to meet your nutritional needs.
Breakfast: Natural Greek yogurt and diced fresh strawberries, topped with chopped walnuts and raw honey.
Lunch: Wholegrain tuna sandwich with hummus and raw vegetables, e.g., carrot sticks, cucumber, sliced tomato, etc.
Dinner: Grilled chicken breast with a large green salad, olive oil, balsamic vinegar, mixed seeds, and wholegrain pitta bread.
Snacks: Fresh fruit, e.g., apples and bananas, tuna or salmon pouches, raw nuts, peanut butter and celery sticks, or mixed raw nuts and seeds.
Mediterranean Diet FAQs
Do you have a question about the Mediterranean diet or healthy eating in general? No problem, because we’ve got all the answers!
1. Is the Mediterranean diet a weight loss diet?
The Mediterranean diet is not specifically a weight loss diet. Instead, it’s more of a healthy way of eating. That said, you can use it for weight loss, and it’ll probably be very effective for this purpose.
To lose weight with the Mediterranean diet, you must ensure you have a calorie deficit and combine your diet with some regular workouts to speed up fat loss. Most people will lose 1-2 pounds a week with a 500-1000 calorie daily deficit.
The foods in the Mediterranean diet tend to be tasty, nutritious, and filling, so the eating plan lends itself well to weight loss.
2. Does the Mediterranean diet contain enough protein to support muscle building?
While protein is NOT a staple of the Mediterranean diet, that doesn’t mean you can’t get enough to support muscle building. It’s generally accepted that most exercisers need about 0.7 to 1.0 grams of protein per pound of body weight. Consuming more fish, chicken, eggs, nuts, beans, and dairy will ensure you get enough of what you need.
Tip: Determine your protein requirements with this easy-to-use calculator.
3. How long does the Mediterranean diet supposed to last?
Unlike many diets, which are designed for a week or a month, the Mediterranean diet can be used for as long as you want – even forever. After all, entire populations follow variations of the Mediterranean diet every day of their lives. To them, it’s just food!
So, don’t think of the Mediterranean diet as a short-term health fix or weight loss plan. Instead, adopt it as your new way of eating for the foreseeable future. The longer you stay on the Mediterranean diet, the more significant its effects will be.
4. Am I allowed cheat days on the Mediterranean diet?
The Mediterranean diet is not overly structured or restrictive. It’s more like a list of sensible and sustainable nutritional principles and guidelines, so no food is actually banned. Instead, just build most of your meals around the nutritious foods available in the Mediterranean region.
Does that mean you can’t have the occasional cheat meal or sweet dessert? Of course not!
However, if you want to be healthy and maintain or lose weight, you should keep your cheats to a minimum, eating healthily 90% of the time.
So, assuming you eat 28 meals and snacks a week (three meals and one snack per day), you can safely allow yourself 2-3 modest-size cheats without derailing your diet.
5. Is there a workout to go with the Mediterranean diet?
While there is no official Mediterranean workout, one of the countries in the Mediterranean region, Greece, gave us calisthenics. So, while any workout will multiply the effects of the Mediterranean diet, bodyweight training could be the most authentic workout to combine with this healthy eating plan.
People in the rural Mediterranean region also walk a lot, so clocking up 10,000 steps or more per day will also be beneficial.
Related: How to Walk For Fitness and Fat Loss
Mediterranean Diet – Closing Thoughts
There is no single, official Mediterranean diet. Instead, it’s a set of general nutritional guidelines based on how people living in the Mediterranean region eat. High in seasonal vegetables and fruits, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats and oils, it’s one of the most heart-friendly diets in the world and is strongly linked to increased longevity.
The Mediterranean diet is not prescriptive or restrictive, and the foods are filling and nutritious. Eating like a Mediterranean resident probably won’t feel like a diet at all!
That said, if you want to lose weight with the Mediterranean diet, you’ll still need to control your portion sizes and watch your calorie intake. A calorie deficit is a must for any successful weight loss plan. However, Mediterranean diet meals tend to be satisfying and filling, so hunger shouldn’t be such a problem.
So, if you want to eat for better health and weight loss and don’t want an eating plan you’ll probably quit in a week, give the Mediterranean diet a try. Unlike almost every other diet, it’s designed for long-term use.
References:
Lăcătușu CM, Grigorescu ED, Floria M, Onofriescu A, Mihai BM. The Mediterranean Diet: From an Environment-Driven Food Culture to an Emerging Medical Prescription. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Mar 15;16(6):942. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16060942. PMID: 30875998; PMCID: PMC6466433. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6466433/
Huedo-Medina TB, Garcia M, Bihuniak JD, Kenny A, Kerstetter J. Methodologic quality of meta-analyses and systematic reviews on the Mediterranean diet and cardiovascular disease outcomes: a review. Am J Clin Nutr. 2016 Mar;103(3):841-50. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.115.112771. Epub 2016 Feb 10. PMID: 26864357. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26864357/
Dinu M, Pagliai G, Casini A, Sofi F. Mediterranean diet and multiple health outcomes: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies and randomized trials. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2018 Jan;72(1):30-43. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2017.58. Epub 2017 May 10. PMID: 28488692. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28488692/
Morze J, Danielewicz A, Przybyłowicz K, Zeng H, Hoffmann G, Schwingshackl L. An updated systematic review and meta-analysis on adherence to Mediterranean diet and risk of cancer. Eur J Nutr. 2021 Apr;60(3):1561-1586. doi: 10.1007/s00394-020-02346-6. Epub 2020 Aug 8. PMID: 32770356; PMCID: PMC7987633. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7987633/
Petersson SD, Philippou E. Mediterranean diet, cognitive function, and dementia: a systematic review of the evidence. Adv Nutr. 2016 Sep 15;7(5):889-904. doi: 10.3945/an.116.012138. PMID: 27633105; PMCID: PMC5015034. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5015034/
Poulimeneas D, Anastasiou CA, Santos I, Hill JO, Panagiotakos DB, Yannakoulia M. Exploring the relationship between the Mediterranean diet and weight loss maintenance: the MedWeight study. Br J Nutr. 2020 Oct 28;124(8):874-880. doi: 10.1017/S0007114520001798. Epub 2020 May 21. PMID: 32436489; PMCID: PMC9105806. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32436489/
Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Martin-Calvo N. Mediterranean diet and life expectancy; beyond olive oil, fruits, and vegetables. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2016 Nov;19(6):401-407. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000316. PMID: 27552476; PMCID: PMC5902736.
Jeremy Buendia Shares 4,000-Calorie Bulking Diet in Preparation for 2023 Mr. Olympia Comeback
Preparations for Jeremy Buendia’s anticipated return to action are heating up. In a recent YouTube video, Buendia showcased his massive seven-meal diet consisting of over 4,000 calories as he inches closer to 2023 Mr. Olympia.
Competing actively, Jeremy Buendia reached the top of the sport with exceptional balance, conditioning, and a symmetrical upper body. At the time of his reign, he was known for his confidence and outspoken nature, which was often misinterpreted as arrogance.
“I don’t have any excuse this time, I better be in shape,” shared Buendia.
The fan-favorite dominated the Olympia stage in his respective category for four years straight from 2014-2017. He made a play for a fifth Men’s Physique title in 2018 but was unable to stop three-time winner Brandon Hendrickson.
While he’s remained away from the stage, Buendia never took his foot off the gas, especially in the training room. Comeback rumors swirled for years, and in 2020, it appeared fans were on the brink of seeing Jeremy compete again. However, the return never materialized.
Last September, Buendia announced that he would finally return to the Mr. Olympia stage. Before last year’s mega-event took place, Buendia and Erin Banks got into a heated argument on Olympia TV. Suffice it to say, cooler heads did not prevail. Angst, aggression, and hostility took over their discussion, further exciting fans about their impending showdown in Orlando, Florida this Nov.
Jeremy Buendia Talks 2023 Mr. Olympia Comeback Progress, Sitting at 201 Lbs, Shows Off 7-Meal Diet
According to Buendia, he and his team are now pushing hard to ensure he consumes seven meals a day. His latest diet saw him consume over 4,000 calories in a 24-hour period.
“Slowly [I’ve] increased the calories as we go along. I started at 3,500 calories, worked to 4,000 calories, now past the 4,500 calories. Been watching my weight go up and down slightly, woke up about 201 this morning. That’s actually the same weight I was four weeks ago but my body fat is significantly less.”
“Today, we’re really going to push to get that seventh meal in to really get all those calories in to help put me in that surplus to help me pack on some quality muscle.”
Find the full seven-meal plan below:
Meal 1 – 88.2 grams carbs, 75.6 grams protein, 18.25 grams of fat
10 oz of liquid egg whites
2 whole scrambled eggs
50 grams of chicken breast
1 slice of sourdough
85 grams of oats
100 grams of strawberries
2 packets of Stevia
Energy Drink
Green Tobasco hot sauce
margarin
total: 785.5 calories
Meal 2 – 108 grams carbs, 65.2 grams of protein, 11.5 grams of fat
200 grams of chicken breast (seasoned with garlic, salt, onion powder, and barbecue sauce)
yams sweet potato
pickle
total: 796 calories
Meal 3 – 91.3 grams carbs, 60 grams of protein, 11.2 grams of fat,
Rice
200 grams of lean red meat
2 whole eggs
8 oz of pineapple
total: 706 calories
“I don’t have any excuse this time. I better be in shape. I’m my toughest critic, I never think I look as good as I actually do and I think people like to tell me what I want to hear,” said Jeremy Buendia. “I’m not going to get that one in before leg day, so we’re going to switch it up.”
Protein Shake
Bagel
Tablespoon of peanut butter
Meal 4 – post-workout – 108 grams carbs, 59.5 grams of protein, 23.9 grams of fat
300 grams of sweet potato
egg white
chicken breast
total: 885.1 calories
Meal 5 – 88 grams carbs, 47.5 grams of protein, 17.9 saturated 17.95 grams of fat
Flank steak
white rice
one whole egg
total: 703 calories
Meal 6 – 88 grams carbs, 66.5 grams of protein, 25 grams of fat
garlic salt
onion poweder
chicken breast
barbeque sauce
white rice
total: 843 calories
Meal 7 – 57 grams of carbs, 33.8 grams of protein, 9.5 grams of fat
Cream of rice
chocolate brownie
5 oz of egg whites
total: 449.5 calories
Buendia touched on his upcoming back workout in an Olympia TV collaboration with reigning Men’s Physique Olympia Erin Banks. After traveling internationally, Buendia says his focus is on a ‘body recomp’ and getting his diet locked in on a more consistent schedule.
Months ago, Buendia appeared in a Straight Outta the Lair podcast with seven-time 212 Olympia kingpin Flex Lewis. During the open and honest discussion, Jeremy said the only way he overtakes Banks on the Olympia stage is if he brings a ‘flawless package.’
“I’m in preparation for my Olympia battle with Erin Banks next week in Phoenix, Arizona. We’re doing a back workout for Olympia TV. I was doing a body recomp, taking some time off a few months ago, cleaned up, and really healthy to prepared for my Olympia prep.
Had a trip international with one of my sponsors, came back and my physique was not where I wanted it to be or where I needed it to be. My metabolism wasn’t operating very efficiently, I wasn’t eating regularly. The past four weeks has been a body recomp, trying to re-establish the food in my diet and get back on a consistent schedule.”
With less than five months until the biggest event of the year, Buendia is wasting no time during preparations. In addition to showing off impressive physique updates, the 32-year-old continues to turn heads with extreme training sessions. The last time fans saw him pumping iron, he annihilated a push-day workout.
With one of the most exciting rivalries in the sport against Erin Banks, Jeremy’s comeback could end up being the most memorable affair at 2023 Mr. Olympia. Should he upset Banks and take home the title, it would bolster Jeremy’s status as the greatest Men’s Physique competitor of all time.
RELATED: 4x Physique Champion Jeremy Buendia Gives Tips For Rear Delts
Watch the full video from Jeremy Buendia’s YouTube channel:
Published: 7 June, 2023 | 12:00 PM EDT
How Long Does It Take to Enter Ketosis While Fasting? Fast Track Your Weight Loss
When the body is in ketosis, it switches from using carbs as its primary fuel source to using stored fat. This occurs when there is a shortage of glucose in the body. Additionally, you can also induce ketosis through fasting or a low-carbohydrate diet.
How long does it take to reach ketosis when fasting? Your body usually goes into ketosis 12 hours after starting a fast, which can be achieved by intermittent fasting. However, it can sometimes take longer.
Studies show that it can take 24 to 48 hours for the body to enter ketosis. This is due to factors such as body composition, activity level, and diet (before fasting) which affect the speed of ketosis. [1]
What is Fasting Ketosis?
Fasting ketosis is a metabolic process where your body burns stored fat for energy instead of glucose. This happens during prolonged fasting when the body runs out of glucose.
Prolonged fasting causes a drop in insulin levels, a subsequent decrease in glucose utilization, and an increase in fatty acid metabolism. This results in the breakdown of fatty acids, thereby increasing the level of ketones in the bloodstream, ultimately helping you enter ketosis.
Fasting ketosis has been linked to several health benefits, including improved insulin sensitivity, weight loss, and reduced inflammation.
Can Fasting Help with Ketosis?
Yes! Fasting helps with ketosis. Ketosis occurs when there is a shortage of glucose in the body, which can be induced through fasting.
Fasting can help you attain ketosis if you aren’t already there. When fasting, the body uses stored fat for energy. The stored fat is broken into ketone bodies, which are used for energy. When ketone levels in the blood rise above a certain threshold, the body enters ketosis. [2]
In that sense, intermittent fasting can help you reach ketosis faster than the keto diet alone. Studies indicate that fasting combined with extended exercise depletes the liver’s glycogen stores and increases ketone production. [3]
How Long Does It Take To Reach Ketosis When Fasting?
Ketosis is a metabolic state where your body burns fat for energy. This typically occurs when the body has depleted its glucose stores (glycogen) and needs to rely on alternative fuel sources, such as fatty acids.
A typical fasting period of 12–72 hours will induce ketosis in most people as glycogen stores are depleted in this duration and ketone production increases. However, the time it takes to reach ketosis varies depending on factors such as: [4]
Individual metabolism: Each person’s metabolism is different; some people may enter ketosis faster than others.
Type of fast: Different fasts, such as water fasting, juice fasting, or fat fasting, may affect ketone production and the time it takes to enter ketosis.
Level of physical activity: Being physically active can help deplete glycogen stores more quickly and speed up the transition into ketosis.
In the worst-case scenario, it can take 2-4 days for your body to enter ketosis while fasting.
How To Tell If You Are in Ketosis
One of the most common ways to tell if you are in ketosis is by observing the signs and symptoms accompanying this metabolic state.
These include:
Increased thirst and dry mouth
Increased urination
Fruity/bad breath
Reduced appetite
Rapid weight loss
Increased energy
Better focus and attention
Changes in bowel habits
While these signs can be helpful, they are not always reliable indicators of ketosis. Measuring your ketone levels is the most reliable way to know if you’re in ketosis.
Blood ketone meters: These meters measure the concentration of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) in the blood. A small amount of blood is drawn using a lancet, placed on a test strip, and then inserted into the meter. This method provides a highly accurate measurement of ketone levels but can be relatively expensive.
Urine ketone strips: These strips measure the concentration of acetoacetate in the urine. The strips are dipped in a urine sample, and the color change on the strip is then compared to a color chart to check the level of ketones. This method is inexpensive but not as accurate as blood ketone meters, as it only measures the excreted ketones, not those currently circulating in the bloodstream. [5]
Breath ketone meters: These meters measure the acetone concentration in the breath. A person breathes into the meter, and acetone is measured. This method is non-invasive and can be more affordable than blood ketone meters. However, it may not be as accurate, especially at higher levels of ketosis.
Keep in mind that the level of ketones in the body can fluctuate throughout the day and can be affected by factors such as exercise, diet, and hydration levels. Therefore, measuring ketone levels consistently, simultaneously, daily, and under similar conditions is best.
Ketosis Timeline
The fasting ketosis timeline can vary depending on the length of the fast and individual factors, such as metabolic rate and exercise habits. However, here is a general timeline of what happens during a fast:
Day 1–2
During the first 24 to 48 hours of a fast, the body depletes its glycogen stores and breaks down the stored fats for energy. As a result, the liver starts producing ketones as an alternative energy source. Blood ketone levels may begin to rise during this time, but it is not uncommon for it to take up to 3 days to reach optimal ketone levels.
Day 2-4
Between days 2 and 4 of a fast, the body shifts into ketosis, during which period it primarily uses ketones for energy. Blood ketone levels will continue to rise and may reach between 0.5 and 3.0 mmol/L, considered the optimal range for nutritional ketosis. [6]
Day 5-7
After five days of fasting, the body fully adapts to using ketones for energy. Blood ketone levels may be high, and many people report feeling a sense of euphoria, mental clarity, and increased energy. [7]
Week 2 and Beyond
After the first week of fasting, the body continues to use ketones for energy, and many people report feeling less hungry and more alert. However, it is essential to note that prolonged fasting can lead to nutritional deficiencies and other health complications.
Factors Affecting Ketosis
While fasting is a natural way to induce ketosis, the degree to which an individual enters ketosis can be influenced by several factors. Here are some of the key factors that can impact fasting ketosis:
Length of Fast
The length of the fast is one of the most significant factors influencing fasting ketosis. Generally, the longer the fast, the deeper the state of ketosis. While entering ketosis may take a few days, it typically takes at least 24 hours of fasting for the body to start using stored fat for energy.
Body Composition
Individuals with a higher body fat percentage tend to enter ketosis more quickly and deeply than those with a lower body fat percentage. This is because body fat is broken down into ketones and used as fuel during a fast.
Exercise Habits
Moderate-intensity exercise has been shown to enhance ketone production during fasting, leading to a deeper state of ketosis. Exercising in a fasted state can help deplete glycogen stores and rapidly increase ketone production. [8]
Hydration
Staying hydrated during a fast is vital for maintaining optimal ketone levels. Dehydration can cause blood ketone levels to rise, but it can also lead to electrolyte imbalances, which can have negative health consequences.
Pre-existing Health Conditions
Pre-existing health conditions, such as diabetes, can impact fasting ketosis. People with diabetes may have difficulty entering ketosis due to insulin resistance, which prevents the body from using stored fat for energy.
Consult a healthcare professional before attempting a fast, especially if you have a pre-existing health condition.
Tips for Achieving Ketosis Faster
Achieving fasting ketosis can be challenging but rewarding. Entering ketosis can take time, so be patient and consistent with your efforts. Here are a few tips to help you enter ketosis faster:
Start with a low-carb diet: A low-carb diet is important for ketosis. So, transition to a low-carb diet before starting your fast. Restrict your carb intake to under 50 grams daily and increase your healthy fat intake. This helps your body transition to ketosis faster.
Increase your healthy fat intake: Since fats are the primary energy source in a keto diet, add healthy fats to give your body the fuel it needs to produce ketones. Replace processed food with healthy fats such as avocados, nuts, and olive oil.
Track your carb intake: Tracking your daily carb intake helps you stay within your limit. Use a food diary or, better yet, a calorie-tracking app to keep track of your carb intake and adjust your diet accordingly.
Experiment with a short fast or fat fast: Short fasting, such as a 24-hour fast, depletes your glycogen stores and forces your body to produce ketones, thereby pushing your body into ketosis. Another approach that helps mimic fasting is the fat fast. The fat fast is when you eat foods high in fat with little to no carbs.
Increase protein intake: Consuming the right amount of protein helps prevent muscle loss and provides your body with the necessary components to generate ketones.
Exercise regularly: Regular exercise can help you achieve ketosis faster by depleting your glycogen stores and forcing your body to use stored fat for energy. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity daily exercise, such as brisk walking or cycling.
Consider supplements: Supplements such as MCT oil are quickly converted into ketones. So you can add it to your coffee or smoothies to support ketone production. Exogenous ketones, produced outside the body, can also help you enter ketosis faster.
Potential Risks and Side Effects of Fasting Ketosis
Despite its numerous health benefits, fasting is not for everyone. Like any other dietary or lifestyle change, fasting has potential risks and side effects, especially when it comes to fasting ketosis.
Here are some of the most common risks and side effects associated with fasting ketosis:
Electrolyte imbalances: Fasting can lead to electrolyte imbalances, which can cause a range of symptoms, including muscle weakness, fatigue, and an irregular heartbeat. Drinking enough water and consuming electrolytes helps prevent these imbalances and keep your electrolyte levels up.
Hypoglycemia: Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, is a potential risk, especially in individuals with diabetes, where your blood sugar levels drop to dangerous levels. Symptoms of hypoglycemia include dizziness, confusion, and loss of consciousness. If you have diabetes, it pays to monitor your blood sugar levels.
Keto flu: Some people experience flu-like symptoms when they first enter ketosis, including headaches, nausea, and fatigue. These symptoms typically subside after a few days or weeks but can be uncomfortable.
Dehydration: You must stay hydrated during a fast. Watch out for the symptoms of dehydration, namely headaches, dizziness, and fatigue. Ensure that you drink plenty of water and electrolyte-rich fluids during your fast.
Nutrient deficiencies: A prolonged fast can lead to nutrient deficiencies, especially if you are not consuming a balanced diet. Nutrient deficiencies can have serious consequences, including fatigue, muscle weakness, and hair loss.
Gastrointestinal issues: Changes in food intake can sometimes cause an imbalance in the gut bacteria, causing gastrointestinal issues such as constipation or diarrhea. A balanced diet rich in fiber helps prevent these gastrointestinal problems.
Increased cholesterol levels: A diet rich in fat, such as the keto diet, can boost cholesterol levels, increasing the risk of heart disease. [9]
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Will a 24-hour fast put me in ketosis?
Yes! A 24-hour fast before you start a ketogenic diet can put you in a state of ketosis. By the end of the fast, your body would have burned through its glycogen reserves and started burning fat for fuel.
2. How long after fasting does the body burn fat?
Approximately 12 hours after fasting, your body starts burning fat for fuel, increasing between 16 and 24 hours.
3. Does coffee break ketosis?
Coffee doesn’t interfere with ketosis. In fact, caffeine can help with fasting by increasing insulin sensitivity. But adding creamer, milk, or sugar can break ketosis.
4. What kicks you out of ketosis?
Consuming more than 50 grams of carbohydrates can stop ketosis.
Wrapping Up
Fasting ketosis, or producing ketones during fasting, has gained popularity recently due to its potential health benefits. When the body is in ketosis, it produces ketones as an energy source. This can lead to numerous health benefits, including weight loss, improved insulin sensitivity, and decreased inflammation.
Factors such as the length of the fast, body composition, exercise habits, hydration, and pre-existing health conditions can impact the level of ketones produced during a fast and hence influence the potential risks and side effects.
Ultimately, the decision to fast and whether or not to pursue fasting ketosis is a personal one that should be made in consultation with a healthcare professional. However, by understanding the potential risks and side effects associated with fasting ketosis and taking steps to manage them effectively, achieving the health benefits of this metabolic state while minimizing potential risks is possible.
References
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Gershuni, V. M., Yan, S. L., & Medici, V. (n.d.). Nutritional Ketosis for Weight Management and Reversal of Metabolic Syndrome. PubMed Central (PMC). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13668-018-0235-0
Low-carb diets, fasting and euphoria: Is there a link between ketosis and gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)? – PubMed. (2007, January 1). PubMed. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2006.07.043
M. Pinckaers, P. J., Churchward-Venne, T. A., Bailey, D., & C. van Loon, L. J. (2016, July 18). Ketone Bodies and Exercise Performance: The Next Magic Bullet or Merely Hype? PubMed Central (PMC). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0577-y
Kosinski, C., & Jornayvaz, F. R. (2017, May 19). Effects of Ketogenic Diets on Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Evidence from Animal and Human Studies. PubMed Central (PMC). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9050517