Androgens and Leiomyosarcomas

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Cancer, Vol 86, Issue 8.

Intratesticular leiomyosarcoma in a young man after high dose doping with oral-turinabol

Intratesticular leiomyosarcoma in a young man after high dose doping with oral-turinabol - Froehner - 2000 - Cancer - Wiley Online Library

In animals, hormonal manipulation may induce leiomyosarcoma. Studies in golden Syrian hamsters demonstrated the development of leiomyosarcomas of the spermatic cord and epididymis at a frequency of up to 100% after treatment with testosterone propionate and diethylstilbestrol. Because testosterone, when given alone, only causes a hyperplasia of the vas deferens, Hudson et al. hypothesized that the proliferative effect of androgens on smooth muscle cells increases their vulnerability to genotoxic effects.
 
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Leiomyosarcoma
"Leiomyosarcoma (Gr. "smooth muscle connective tissue tumor"), aka LMS, is a malignant cancer of smooth muscle."

Leiomyosarcoma
"Leiomyosarcoma belongs to a group of cancers called soft tissue sarcomas. Sarcomas are cancers that develop in the supporting or connective tissues of the body, such as muscle, fat, nerves, blood vessels, bone, and cartilage."

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http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/25/2_Part_1/141.full.pdf


"If, as appears to be true, smooth muscle hyperplasia is an essential prelude to tumorigenesis, why does androgen alone, in amounts sufficient to cause gross hypertrophy of the muscularis, fail to evoke a tumor response? Estrogen alone is said (5) to evoke a strictly limited hyperplasia of the fibro muscular components of the epididymal tail. In our experience this has never progressed to neoplasia. At present we cannot attribute specific carcinogenicity to either hormone, but must accept the rather vague notion that it is the "push-pull" effect of combined male and female sex hormones which is carcinogenic. If specificity of action must be invoked, it would seem that estrogen may act carcinogenically on smooth muscle maintained
in a hyperplastic state by androgen"
 
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